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world History > Russian Revolution > Flashcards

Russian Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

what was a Czar?

A

Absolute Monarch or ruler of Russia

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2
Q

what was a proletariat?

A

lowest class in a society, mostly industrial workers

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3
Q

what was the Bolsheviks?

A

communist majority faction of Russia Social Democratic Workers party

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3
Q

what was the Bourgeoisie?

A

the middle class

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4
Q

Who were the Romanov’s?

A

Czarist royal family who ruled Russia for 3 centuries?

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5
Q

what is totalitarianism?

A

absolute unlimited power by a ruler

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6
Q

what was a soviet?

A

elected councils formed during the revolution

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7
Q

Pre-revolution Russia?

A

only true Autocracy left in Europe

no representative political institution for the people

Nicholas ll became Tsar in 1814

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8
Q

what ideas became popular?

A

Marxist ideas.

Popular Mensheviks VS Radical Bolsheviks, led by Lenin

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9
Q

3 causes of Russian Revolution?

A

1.Russia suffers humiliating defeat in the Russia-Japanese war

  1. bloody Sunday

3.WW1 the last straw

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10
Q

bloody Sunday

A

thousands of discontented peaseants

sought to petition the Czar for better working conditions and suffrage

the guards fired into the crown

Shooting sparked wide spread strikes and uprisings

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11
Q

The last straw WW1

A

Czar Nicholas II brings Russia into the Great war

war revealed the ineptitude and arrogance of the country’s aristocratic elite

most peasants had very little invested in the war

poorly supplied troops result in massive casualties

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12
Q

Czarina Alexandra the power behind the thrown

A

while Nicholas II was at the Eastern front of war his wife Alexandra ran the country

she was heavily influenced by Rasputin a mystical “holy man”

scandals surrounding Rasputin served to discredit the monarchy

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13
Q

collapse of the imperial government

A

Alexandra and Rasputin throw the government into chaos

complete mismanagement of war time economy

Alexandra and other high government officials accused of treason

Rasputin assassinated in December 1916

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14
Q

The march revolution

A

starts with food riots, strikes and protests against the war

The duma declares itself a provisional government

Formed soviets- local councils

Czar Nicholas abdicates the throne (steps down)

Lenin and his Bolsheviks return

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15
Q

Vladimir Lenin

A

leading Marxist revolutionary

Exiled to Serbia for anti-Czarist protests
later fled to western Europe

Returned to lead and implement socialist reforms

16
Q

how long was the Russian revolution

A

1917-1920

17
Q

who were the reds?

A

the Bolsheviks and red army

18
Q

who were the whites?

A

were army officers, bourgeoisie, Cossacks, and moderate revolutionaries

19
Q

how did the imperial (royal) family die?

A

placed under house arrest
during the march revolution

czar Nicholas, Alexandra, and their 5 children were executed in July 1917

20
Q

what did the Bolshevik red guards do?

A

workers take over government offices and arrest the leaders of the provisional government

part of the October Bolshevik revolution

21
Q

what happened in march of 1918

A

the Bolshevik party is renamed communist party in march of 1918

part of the October Bolshevik revolution

22
Q

what happened during the October Bolshevik revolution

A

all private property of wealthy was abolished and divvied among the peasantry

largest industrial enterprises nationalized

political police are organized

revolutionary army created with Leon Trotsky in charge - the red army

23
Q

what treaty was negotiated for Russia to leave WW1?

A

the treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germy to let Russia leave the war due to the revolution

part of the October Bolshevik revolution

24
Q

who renamed the country? and what was it’s new name?

A

Vladimir Lenin renamed and reorganized Russia the soviet Union

25
Q

what ideas did Lenin implement in the soviet union?

A

He implemented the ideas of Carl Marx

26
Q

what new policy did Lenin issue?

A

Lenin Issued the New economic policy in 1921 allowing some capitalist policies

27
Q

who was Joseph Stalin?

A

He was a Bolshevik revolutionary

appointed general secretary of the party’s central committee in 1922

28
Q

what was Stalin’s mode of opperation

A

He viciously eliminated any opposition

29
Q

what did Stalin Creat?

A

He created a fully communist state

ordered the execution of thousands

His secret police allowed no oppositions or freedoms

He also modernized the soviet union through 5 year plans of industrialization

30
Q

Did France, England, the US, and Japan support the Whites or Reds?

A

The whites received support

31
Q

what happened to the Duma (Russian Congress) after bloody Sunday?

A

The duma (Russian Congress) was allowed more power temporarily

Nicholas dissolved the Duma within weeks

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