Russian revolution Flashcards
(19 cards)
What percentage of Russia’s population were peasants in 1913?
0.82
What was Nicholas II’s belief about his rule?
He believed in divine right and autocracy.
What was the Okhrana?
The Tsar’s secret police used to eliminate opposition.
Why was Russia difficult to govern in 1917?
Due to vast territory, war strain, poor infrastructure, famine, and diverse population.
How many Russian soldiers were casualties in WWI?
9.15 million out of 13 million mobilized.
When did the Tsar abdicate?
March 15th (2nd), 1917.
What caused the March 1917 Revolution?
War hardship, economic collapse, protests, army mutiny, and Tsar’s refusal to reform.
What was Order No.1?
A decree by the Petrograd Soviet giving it control over the military instead of the Provisional Government.
Who was Lenin?
A Marxist revolutionary who led the Bolsheviks and returned to Russia in 1917 from exile.
What were Lenin’s April Theses demands?
‘Peace, Land, Bread’ and ‘All Power to the Soviets’.
Why was Lenin’s slogan ‘Peace, Land, Bread’ popular?
It appealed to war-weary soldiers, land-hungry peasants, and hungry urban workers.
What event helped the Bolsheviks gain credibility before October?
The Kornilov Plot, which they helped stop with Red Guards.
How did the Bolsheviks seize power in October 1917?
They stormed the Winter Palace with support of workers and soldiers.
What role did Lenin play in the October Revolution?
He urged immediate action and led the planning through the Bolshevik Central Committee.
How did the Bolsheviks consolidate power after 1917?
By suppressing enemies, using terror, and redistributing wealth.
Who were labelled as ‘parasites’ and ‘vermin’ under Lenin?
The bourgeoisie and former wealthy classes.
What happened to the Tsar and his family?
They were executed in 1918.
When did the Russian Civil War occur?
1918 to 1922.
What is Lenin’s legacy according to historian Figes?
Harnessing revolutionary energy to destroy the old elite and creating a regime of terror.
