S1 - Islam Terms to Know

Question 1

Bedouins

Answer 1

Nomadic pastoralist tribes; kinship and loyalty was expected, and in return tribes provided protection.

Question 2

Muhammad

Answer 2

-a wealthy merchant???
-last and greatest prophet, “messenger of Allah”
-created the umma, or islamic community
-first military and political leader of islam
-the hijira: muhammad and his followers were forced to flee to Medina

Question 3

Qur’an

Answer 3

Holy book, revelations and sayings of Muhammad. The Hadith is the direct sayings from Muhammad.

Question 4

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 4

1) profession of faith - there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger
2) Pray five times per day
3) Fast during Ramadan
4) give alms to the poor (charity)
5) Make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in one’s lifetime

Question 5

Shi’a

Answer 5

believed that the caliphate/Islamic leader could only be a direct descendant of Muhammad.
-believed the first imam (prayer leader) was ali, as appointed by muhammad

Question 6

Sunnis

Answer 6

dude i want a milkshake

-the leader of Islam could be anyone from the Umma
-Mu’awiya was the basis for the caliphate

Question 7

Cultural contributions of the arab world

Answer 7

diet coke. made arabic the official language of a lottt of places. baghdad and cordoba were cultural and commercial centres of the world. did capitalist things, like banking and check writing and stock. made lateen sail and magnetic compass, that helped with trade.

Question 8

how and why did Islam Spread?

Answer 8

-did not originally appeal to many people
-in Medina, many Bedouins started following Muhammad
-Muhammad’s political strategies
-unified umma; a community of those who believe in Islam.
-Islamic caliphates conquered the Byzantine Empire and that kinda area cus of powerful armies and tactics
-weak opponents; Byzantine and Sassinid empires always fightings, etc.
-soldiers were paid and treated well, some were also slaves

Question 9

Caliph, Caliphate

Answer 9

the guy in charge; the lineage of the guy in charge

Question 10

Dhimmis

Answer 10

monotheistic people who weren’t muslim and had to pay a tax

Question 11

Role of merchants

Answer 11

sexy and wealthy! brought trade and prosper! loved em! except they are also kind of dirty tricksters but at least theyre good at it?

Question 12

Role of women in early Islam vs. later

Answer 12

-Early: women and men were seen as spiritual equals and displayed positively in religious texts
-Later: women were kept at home, veiled, and seen as almost property by men. had almost no say in society/government

Question 13

Role of slaves

Question 14

Islamic trade - routes, goods, attitudes

Answer 14

traded all over europe, west and east asia, and thru the indian ocean even into southeast asia

Question 15

Arabic language

Answer 15

um? they spoke it?

Question 16

Ibn Battuta

Answer 16

he travelled all tf around and when the darn did we learn about him??? but anyway he was a great explorer

Question 17

Abbasid Caliphate

Answer 17

GOLDEN AGE!!!! came after the Umayyad caliphate and was a little more Sunni and a little less Shi’a
-capitalism!!! banking and all that
-steel prodution
-overrun by the darn mongols who wiped the floor w the last caliphate

Question 18

Umayyad Caliphate

Answer 18

caliph emerged as the most powerful person in the religion; Shi’a perspective
-the Ulama interprets the law + Qu’ran
-Sharia law covered social, criminal, political, and commercial matters and religious ofc
-made arabic THE language
-taxed people who didnt convert
-conquested afff