S13C149 - HIV and AIDS Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in S13C149 - HIV and AIDS Deck (15)
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1
Q

Diseases that present early in course of HIV but are not AIDS-indicators:

A
  • thrush, vulvovaginal candidiasis
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • cervical dysplasia
  • recurrent zoster
  • ITP
2
Q

HIV: indicators of AIDS

A

-esophageal candidiasis
-cryptococcus
-CMV retinintis
-HSV
-kaposi sarcoma
-MAC
-pneumocystis jiroveci pna
-progressive ultifocal leukoencephalopathy
-toxoplasmosis
-HIV encephalopathy
=disseminated histoplasmosis
-pulmonary TB
-invasive cervical Ca.

3
Q

HIV: MAC infection

A
  • mycobacterium avium-intracellulare

- disseminated infection occurs with CD4 count

4
Q

HIV: CMV retinitis

A

-tx: foscarnet or ganciclovir

5
Q

HIV: neurologic complications

A
  • AIDS dementia: aphasia, motor deficits, AMS, CT shows cortical atrophy
  • toxoplasma gondii: focal encephalitis, h/a, fever, focal deficits, AMS, seizures, CT shows ring enhancing lesions in basal ganglia
  • c. neoformans: cryptococcosis, may be focal lesions or diffuse meningoencephalitis, fever, ha/, nausea, AMS, meningismus uncommon, dx by antigen CSF test, elevated openieng pressure

-others: bacterial meningitis, CNS lymphoma, TB, neurosyphilis

6
Q

HIV: CSF studies

A

-pressures, cell count, glucose, protein, gm stain, india ink stain, culture, viral vulture, fungal culture, toxo, crypto antigen assay, coccidoidomycosis titire

7
Q

PJP

A

-tx: septra

8
Q

TB

A

-isonizid and rifampin and pyrazinamide and ethambultol

9
Q

toxoplasmosis

A

pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine and folinic acid +/- leucovorin

10
Q

crytococcosis (CNS infxn)

A

-amphotericin and flucytosin the fluconazole

11
Q

HIV ophthalmologic complications

A
  • CMV retinitis:asymptomatic vision loss, photophobia, scotoma, red eye, fundoscopy shows fluffly white lesions around vessles, hemorrhage
  • HSV ophthalmicus: CN V1, paresthesias followed by rash, conjuncitivitis, episclreitis, irtiis, keratitis, glaucoma, retinintis
12
Q

Fungal PNA in HVI

A
  • cryptococcus

- aspergillus

13
Q

Scabies

A

-tx: permethrin 5% cream

14
Q

Vaccinations for HIV pts

A
  • no live vaccines EXCEPT MMR
  • killed vaccines ok
  • tetanus, MMR (if CD4 count ok), meningococcal, pneumococcal, influenza (inactivated) hep a/b, varicella
15
Q

Post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV

A

-lopinavir/ritonavir, lamivudine, tenofovir