S2 Exam

Question 1

What are the three types of issues in our society?

Answer 1

social
political
economic

Question 2

What are social issues?

Answer 2

Things we do affecting our daily lives include health, education, and issues like racism and discrimination.

Question 3

What are political issues?

Answer 3

these relate to governments and how our country is run.
e.g.: elections, our relationships with other countries (foreign policy) and our military

Question 4

What are economic issues?

Answer 4

anything which involves the economy and money.
e.g.: wages, unemployment and taxes fall into this bracket.

Question 5

What is a rule?

Answer 5

standard which individuals are expected to follow.
e.g.: school rules, rules at home, at a tennis club, etc.

Question 6

What is a law?

Answer 6

standard set by the parliament, taken very seriously and with severe consequences if broken; they are safeguarded by the people and police.
e.g.: traffic laws

Question 7

What are changes?

Answer 7

A law that is always changing depending on history, culture and society
e.g.: The Equal Pay Act (1970)

Question 8

What is a legal right?

Answer 8

• something that people can claim by law.
• The law makes sure that people’s legal rights are upheld.

Question 8

What are some rules in the US Constitution?

Answer 8

• free trial
• freedom of speech
• own a gun

Question 9

What are human rights?

Answer 9

rights we have simply because we exist as human beings
e.g. the right to life, freedom from slavery

Question 10

Why was the UDHR created?

Answer 10

• World War II had many terrible events. e.g. Holocaust.
• People wanted to make sure such things never happen again.

Question 11

What does UDHR stand for?

Answer 11

Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Question 12

Why do Children have special rights?

Answer 12

Children need special rights because they are young, less experienced, and can’t always protect themselves like adults can

Question 13

What are examples of Children’s rights?

Answer 13

Protection from abuse, education, Access to information etc.

Question 14

What is a dictatorship?

Answer 14

a form of government in which a person or a small group rules with almost unlimited power.

Question 15

Who is the current Prime Minister?

Answer 15

Keir Starmer

Question 16

What is a democracy?

Answer 16

a way for people to choose their leaders and make rules.

Question 17

What does ‘secular’ mean?

Answer 17

a state not ruled by religion

Question 18

Example of a good dictatorship and why?

Answer 18

Singapore - Its leader made smart choices. He helped the city become big and rich. There were good schools and safe streets. The rules made people safe and healthy.

Question 19

Example of a bad dictatorship and why?

Answer 19

North Korea - The leader controls everything. People can’t say what they want. They live in fear. Food is scarce, and many are hungry. There is no freedom to make choices or have fun. People cannot leave the country.

Question 20

What are the main features in a democracy?

Answer 20

• Government elected by the people
• Regular and free elections take place
• People can speak freely on their opinions
• All citizens have rights and responsibilities

Question 21

What do the police do?

Answer 21

Enforce the law

Question 22

Who writes laws?

Answer 22

Parliament

Question 23

What are 5 reasons a person might not be allowed to vote in the UK?

Answer 23

Imprisonment
Tourists
School children
House of Lords
Royal Family

Question 24

What does 'franchise' mean?

Answer 24

The qualification (what you must be/do) to vote.

Question 25

What does 'suffrage' mean?

Answer 25

The Right to Vote (people fought and campaigned over years for this right).

Question 26

What does 'treason' mean?

Answer 26

betraying your country or trying to kill its leader.

Question 27

What is direct democracy/pure democracy?

Answer 27

Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which people make decisions directly.

Question 28

Why does pure democracy happen rarely in the UK? (2)

Answer 28

- It's hard to get everyone’s opinion on every issue - it's expensive.

Question 29

What is a Representative Democracy?

Answer 29

when the people elect MPs to make decisions on their behalf (e.g. MPs debate and vote on proposals for laws, called BILLS)

Question 30

What are examples of violation of human rights? (4)

Answer 30

- use of torture - slavery - genocide - imprisonment without trial

Question 31

What is direct democracy voted through?

Answer 31

a referendum

Question 32

What is a referendum?

Answer 32

a voting system using yes or no

Question 33

What is a constituency?

Answer 33

a list of people who are allowed to vote in an area

Question 34

How many constituencies are in the UK?

Answer 34

650

Question 35

How many constituencies are in Scotland?

Answer 35

59

Question 35

What is each constituency represented by?

Answer 35

one MP in Parliament

Question 36

What is 'First Past the Post'? (FPTP)

Answer 36

a voting system in the UK where candidates can win by a simple majority.

Question 37

What is a Simple Majority?

Answer 37

When a candidate needs just one more vote than their nearest rival to become the MP for that constituency

Question 38

What is an Absolute Majority?

Answer 38

A candidate wins by having more votes than the combined total of all other candidates.

Question 39

What is a Safe Seat?

Answer 39

where the candidate/party is likely to win again in the next election.

Question 40

What is a Marginal Seat?

Answer 40

area where the results are close between parties