S3 Biology

Question 1

How does insect pollination work?

Answer 1

Pollen sticks to an insect’s body and is carried from one plant to another.

Question 2

How does wind pollination work?

Answer 2

Pollen is carried by the wind from one plant to another.

Question 3

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 3

Plants and animals can develop new characteristics

Question 4

What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 4

Plants can reproduce by themselves

Question 5

What are some characteristics of wind pollinated flowers?

Answer 5

They have:
Small dark flowers
Loose anthers
Smooth pollen
Feathery stigmas
And a high pollen quantity

Question 6

What are some characteristics of insect pollinated flowers?

Answer 6

They have:
Large, bright flowers
Attached anthers
Sticky pollen
Sticky stigmas
And a low pollen quantity

Question 7

What are two examples of natural asexual reproduction?

Answer 7

Runners and tubers

Question 8

What three conditions are required for seed germination?

Answer 8

Medium temperature
Oxygen
Moisture

Question 9

What is meant by the term “species”?

Answer 9

A group of living things that can breed to make fertile offspring

Question 10

What is discrete variation?

Answer 10

Variation with only a small number of possibilities for differences (e.g left or right handed)

Question 11

What is continuous variation?

Answer 11

Variation with a wide range of possible differences (e.g height)

Question 12

What is Meiosis?

Answer 12

The process where the chromosome number in a cell is halved to make sex cells

Question 13

What is fertilisation?

Answer 13

The process of combining two sex cells

Question 14

What does homozygous mean?

Answer 14

Only one type of allele for a certain characteristic

Question 15

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 15

Two different alleles for a certain characteristic

Question 16

If John and Sarah are both heterozygous for cystic fibrosis, what is the chance that their child will have cystic fibrosis?

Answer 16

25%, or 1/4

Question 17

What is polygenic inheritance?

Answer 17

More than one set of genes decide what a characteristic is (e.g height)

Question 18

What is a phenotype?

Answer 18

The visible characteristic of an organism

Question 19

What is a genotype?

Answer 19

The alleles an organism has for a certain characteristic

Question 20

What is an allele?

Answer 20

The type of gene you have (e.g dominant, recessive)