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OPP II Exam 1 > Sacrum > Flashcards

Sacrum Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

sacrum fusion

A

age 25

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2
Q

sacral base

A

top

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3
Q

apex

A

bottom of sacrum

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4
Q

sacral promontory

A

anterior portion of S1

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5
Q

ligaments of sacrum

A

iliolumbar**
sacrospinous
sacrotuberous
A/P sacroiliac

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6
Q

to ischial tuberosity

A

hamstrings

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7
Q

tight hamstrings

A

sacral dysfunction

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8
Q

sarcum and uterus

A

connected

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9
Q

muscles that move sacrum

A

no one really knows
-no muscles move sacrum directly**

pull of ligaments

piriformis, iliacus, pelvic diaphragm, aponeurosis of erector spinae

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10
Q

piriformis

A

external rotator of thigh

innervation S1-2

intimate relationship to sciatic nerve

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11
Q

lumbosacral angle

A

24-35 degree angle

increased in obese and pregnant

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12
Q

sacral sulci

A

medial and superior to PSIS

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13
Q

ILA

A

most posterior aspect of the sacrum

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14
Q

ILAs alone

A

can distinguish shear

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15
Q

axes of motion

A

7 total**

1 vertical
1 A/P
3 transverse
2 oblique

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16
Q

superior transverse axis

A

respiratory axis

S2

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17
Q

middle transverse axis

A

sacroiliac axis

S3

flex/extend motion of sacrum on ilium

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18
Q

inferior transverse axis

A

iliosacral axis

S4

flex/extend motion of ilium on sacrum

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19
Q

exhalation

A

sacrum flexion

lumbar lordosis increases

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20
Q

inhalation

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A

sacrum extension

lumbar lordosis decreases

21
Q

oblique axis

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A

named for superior aspect they exit

22
Q

sacral sulcus

Study These Flashcards
A

superior portion

23
Q

walking

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A

torsional motion

weight on left foot

  • sacrum rotates right on right oblique axis
  • lumbar sidebends right
24
Q

4 things to know

Study These Flashcards
A

what feeds it (neurovascular)?
whats its origin and insertion?
whats its reflex?

25
seated flexion test
for sacrum **feet flat on floor tests S3 motion side of dysfunction and opposite axis in sacral torsion**
26
standing flexion test
for innominate
27
sheers
side restricted is side of dysfunction
28
positive spring test
sacrum stuck backwards
29
negative spring test
sacrum moves forward
30
backward bending test
sphinx test
31
sphinx test
creates lumbar extension and sacral flexion
32
negative BBT
findings improve - sacrum likes flexion - direction of ease is forward
33
positive BBT
findings do not improve - sacrum stuck in extension - base stuck backwards
34
motion testing
anterior pressure on ILAs and sulci
35
L5 rules**
1. sacral oblique axis will be to same side as L5 sidebending 2. sacrum rotates opposite L5 3. seated flexion test is positive on opposite side of oblique axis
36
SI joint dysfunction
can shorten stride - inhibit gluts - activates/overuse hamstrings
37
quadratus lumborum
stabilizer of L-spine - activated - pulls on iliolumbar ligaments - lower back pain - jammed butt syndrome - jump one leg constantly
38
fascial connections
foot to thoracolumbar region
39
gait sacrum
``` foot flat - symmetric midstance (right) - left on left torsion bipedal - symmeric midswing - right on right torsion right terminal swing - sacrum symmetrical ```
40
right on right sacral torsion
negative spring | improve on BBT
41
right on left sacral torsion
positive spring | do not improve on BBT
42
unilateral sacral flexion shear
negative spring | improve on BBT
43
unilateral sacral extension shear
positive spring | do not improve on BBT
44
bilateral sacral shear
negative seated flexion sulci equal ILAs equal positive spring - extension -BBT fail to improve negative spring - flexion -BBT improve
45
+BBT
does not improve
46
-BBT
improves
47
bilateral extension
positive spring | BBT fail to improve
48
bilateral flexion
negative spring | BBT improve

OPP II Exam 1 (7 decks)

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