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SMLE QS > Safdar Notes > Flashcards

Safdar Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Measles, complication after many years?

A

Subacute panencephalitis

“100% mortality”

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2
Q

Vaccine associated w/Guillian Barre syndrome

A

Influnza vaccine

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3
Q

Pregnant + Hep B +ve + gave birth, what to give baby?

A

Immunoglobulin + Hep B vaccine

regardless of baby weight

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4
Q

Type of transfusion in thalssaemia patients, & WHY?

A
  • Washd RBC.

- Because of chronic transfusion, to allow all (live & killed) vaccines to be given at all times

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5
Q

when to give Killed Vaccine (ie; Hep A) after blood transfusion?

A

same time, no need for defering.

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6
Q

Pt received Blood transfusion + Epidemic, can live vaccine be given

A

yes, measles & MMR

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7
Q

Most imp vaccine in cystic fibrosis:

A

Influnza + Pneumococcal

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8
Q

Pedia + multiple enlarged lymph nodes (bull neck), which vaccine not taken?

A

Diphtheria

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9
Q

Dtap, contraindicated in:

A

uncontrolled seizure or neurological disease, but can be given in febrile seizure

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10
Q

Pt + Post splenectomy, which vaccine to give?

A

pneumococcal + Meningococcal.

IF both choices are there, go with pneumococcal.

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11
Q
  • 9 month vaccine

- 12 month vaccine

A
  • M&Ms: MCV4 & measles
  • POMM: PCV, OPV, MMR, MCV4

Remember, that MMR can’t be given before one year because of the presence of mumps.

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12
Q

Best way to precent nenoatum tetanum?

A

Dtap at 28wks.

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13
Q

Asthma patient, how to decrease asthma exacerbation?

A

Influnza vaccine

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14
Q

Pt w/hx of still birth + want to get pregnant, what vaccine to give?

A

Rubella,

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15
Q

The only contraindication to Influnza vaccine?

A

Anaphylaxis after flu vaccine

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16
Q

Medications used & duration of tx for Brucellosis in Pediatrics <8 yrs

A

TMP/SMX + Rifampin for

  • 3-6m if there’s cardiac/CNS involvement
  • 6wks if No cardiac/CNS involvement
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17
Q

Best Inv for brucellosis:

A

Agglutination test.

Stool culture takes too long.

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18
Q

Cough + Deep inspiration in between each cough + age >3m, Dx

A

Staccato cough: Adenovirus.

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19
Q

Mx of chlamydia or pertussis infection:

A

Macrolide

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20
Q

Conjunctivitis + Gastroenteritis + pneumonia + Age <3m, Dx?

A

chlamydia, give macrolide.

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21
Q

MC organism after dental extraction:

A

S.Aureus.

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22
Q

MC organism for IE in

  • patient with damaged valve:
  • Prosthesis:
A
  • Virdians

- Epidermidis

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23
Q

IE + Prosthetic valve, Mx:

A

Vancomycin, Rifampicin, Gentamycin.

“think of MRSA infection in Epidermidis”

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24
Q

Neonatal meningitis Mx

A

1- Ampicillin: GBS+ Listeria
2- Gentamycin: gram -ve
3- Cefotaxime: gram -ve

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25
Q

3d neonate + B-Hemolyisis bacteria +

catalase +ve, Ab to give?

A

Ampicillin

GBS

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26
Q

7Yr + Meningitis, Mx:

A
  • Steroid: for hemophilus influnza.
  • Ceftrixone
  • Vancomycin
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27
Q

MC organism in viral meningitis

A

Enterococcus

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28
Q

7yr + Meningeal signs + Headache + Fever + Family came from africa + Sore throat + lymphadenopathy, CSF: lymphocytosis only. Dx?

A

EBV

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29
Q

fever 6d + Tender spleenomegaly, culture needed?

A

Blood cultures

“Septicemia, typhoid, bruceloosis, IE”

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30
Q

meningitis + papilladema, complication?

A

hearing loss

31
Q

3m baby + Mc bacterial cause of meningitis

A

Strep pneumonia

32
Q

Contact management in GABHS, Pertussis, Nisseria, Hemophillus

A
  • GABHS: No need
  • Pertusis: Macrolide
  • Nisseria: Rifampin
  • Hemophillus: Rifampin
33
Q

MC virus of otitis media:

A

RSV - Rhinovirus.

BUT mc is bacterial cause, don’t forget

34
Q

Child + Fever + Knee pain & swelling, Most imp inv

A

always joint aspiration

35
Q

Septic arthritis MC organism:

A

Staph aureus.

36
Q

Pedia + Eczema + treated by steroid + now itching & Pustular leison, grape like pattern, Organism?

A

Staph Aureus.

“impetigo”

37
Q

Mx of Impetigo

A

Topical Mupicin

38
Q

3 Yrs + Crying + Red current jelly stool + Vomitting, X-ray findings.

A

Susage mass

39
Q

recurrence rate of intussuption

A

After enema is 10%, After surgical reduction 5%, after resection <1%

40
Q

1st Mx of intussuption

A

ABCD.

Hydration

41
Q

Best Confirmatory & initial Inv of Intussption

A
  • Confirmatory: Enema

- Initial: US

42
Q

When to opt for surgery in Intussuption

A

After 3 Failed attempts of reduction

43
Q

MC site for intussuptio

A

Ileocolic

44
Q

5wks old+ Non-billous vomitting + mass at epigastric area, Dx?

A

Pyloric stenosis

45
Q

Time of sx of duodenal atresia:

A

At birth.

46
Q

SE of erythromycin use in babies.

A

Pyloric stenosis

47
Q

Pyloric stenosis Mx:

A

Initital: Hydration with KCL
Def: Pyloromyotomy

48
Q

Pedia + Eat out + Abdo pain + diarrhea after 8 hrs, Organism?

A

Staph aureus. “30min to 8hrs”

other infection w/short IP: Cholera & perferngies. “2hrs to 48hrs”

49
Q

9m baby + weight not increasing from 6m, initial test?

A

Celiac disease (6m introduction of food)

  • Initial: Tissue transglutiminase
  • Best: Dudeonal biopsy
50
Q

Food to be avoided in celiac disease:

A

Barly, wheat, Rye, Oats

51
Q

Celiac disease Pt + Anti endomysal Ab +Ve + anti-transglutiminase test +ve, Next step?

A

Gluten free diet.

Two antibodies No need for biopsy. if one only, do biopsy.
if you did the biopsy & findings inconclusive: do challenge test & repeat biopsy

52
Q

Celiac patient + Rash, dx?

A

Dermatitis herpitformis

53
Q

Celiac patient + Pruritic rash in extensor, back & buttock + Biopsy +ve IgA immunofluroscence, Mx?

A

Gluten free diet + Dapsone cream (Dermatitis herpitformis)

54
Q

Malignancy that can decrease by gluten free diet in celiac disease?

A

Intestinal lymphoma.

55
Q

1 Yr + Vomitting + Diarrhea + Greenish stool + Mx?

A

hydration

56
Q

1 Yr + Vomitting + Diarrhea + Greenish stool + MC organism?

A

Rota virus (Viral gastroenteritis)

57
Q

5Yr + Vomitting + Diarrhea + Bloody stool + Mx?

A

Bacterial Gastroenteritis, give hydration

58
Q

When to consider Ab in bacterial gastroenteritis

A
  • According to organism: Shigella, Clostridium difficile
  • According to Condition: illness >1w, severe dehydration
  • According to patient: immunocompromised
59
Q

HUS, organism

A

Sheiga toxin in E-coli

60
Q

10 Yr + Amoebic abscess + Mx?

A

Oral metronidazole followed by paromomycin

61
Q

Inv of sheigella

A

Stool culture

62
Q

15yr + Lower abdominal pain + Blood with mucus in stool + fever, Initial & best diagnostic test:

A

This is amoeba infection

  • Initial: Stool analysis showing cyst pr trophozoite
  • Best: Serology PCR or ELISA
63
Q

2m + deep jaundice + Pale stool + Healthy & growing well, Dx?

A

Billiary atresia. (obstruction)

Direct bilirubn >20% of total.

64
Q

Dx of meckel diverticulum

A

Nuclear scan

65
Q

Pedia + billous vomitting + bloody stool, dx? (Recuurrnt obstruction & bleeding)

A

Volvulus

66
Q

Volvulus sign in x-ray

A

Coffee bean sign

67
Q

9m + abdominal distension + small amount stool + meconium passed at 2nd day of life, best test

A

This is herschspurgr disease; suction Biopsy

68
Q

14d baby + abdo distension + billous vomitting + passed meconium in first day of life + passing pellet stool, dx?

A

Herschspurge

69
Q

2m + excess crying + diarrhea + mom shifted cow milk to soy milk + face exzema + still excessive crying, dx?

A

Cow milk allergy

“They usually have coexistent allergy against soy milk”

70
Q

Hilar lymphadenopathy + on and off cough + hypercalcemia + biopsy shows non- caseating granuloma

A

this is sarcoidosis - give steroid if symptomatic

71
Q

Sudden scrotal pain + high testis + tender + erythmatous, mx?

A

Surgical exploration

72
Q

Elderly + hypertensive + gradual decr in cognitive function + MRI showed periventricular white matter hyper intensity

A

Vascular dementia

73
Q

Trauma + wide mediastinum + hypotension + trachea shifter, dx?

A

Ruptured aortic root

SMLE QS (6 decks)

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