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CLINICAL MICROSCOPY > SAFETY IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY > Flashcards

SAFETY IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

potentially hazard microorganisms

A

biological hazards

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2
Q

transmission of microorganisms; essential in preventing the spread of infection

A

chain of infection

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3
Q

chain of infection requires a continuous link between:

A

SMS
Source
Mode of Transmission
Susceptible Host

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4
Q

6 components of Chain of Infection

A
  1. Infectious Agent
  2. Reservoir
  3. Portal of Entry
  4. Mode of Transmission
  5. Entry Portal
  6. Susceptible Host
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5
Q

3 routes of infection

A
  1. Ingestion
  2. Inhalation
  3. Direct inoculation or skin contact
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6
Q

Personal Protective Equipment

A
  1. Gloves
  2. Fluid-resistant gown
  3. Eye and face shields
  4. Countertop shields
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7
Q

primary method of infection transmission

A

Hand Contact

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8
Q

BEST WAY to break the chain of infection

A

Handwashing

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9
Q

done when hands are visibly soiled

A

handwashing (with soap and water)

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10
Q

done when hands are not visible soiled

A

apply alcohol based hand-rub (ex. hand sanitizer)

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11
Q

the most important part of hand washing

A

friction

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12
Q

how long handwashing should take

A

15 (or 20) seconds

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13
Q

if 15 secs and 20 secs were given in the choices, what would you choose

A

15 secs

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14
Q

Rinse hands in a _________ position

A

downward

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15
Q

last step of handwashing

A

turn off faucets with a clean paper towel to prevent recontamination

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16
Q

Handwashing Procedure

A
  1. Wet hands with warm water
  2. Apply antimicrobial soap
  3. Rub to form a lather, create friction, and loosen debris
  4. Thoroughly clean between fingers, including thumbs, under fingernails, and rings, and up to the wrist for at least 15 (or 20) seconds
  5. Rinse hands in a downward position
  6. Dry with a paper towel
  7. Turn off faucets with a clean paper towel to prevent recontamination
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17
Q

Handwashing Song

A

Happy Birthday Song 2x

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18
Q

all biological waste, except urine, must be placed in appropriate containers labeled with

A

biohazard symbol

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19
Q

the accepted “BIOHAZARD” label

A

fluorescent orange (Henry)

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20
Q

discard urine by pouring it into _____, avoid splashing, and then flush with water

A

laboratory sink

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21
Q

true or false

empty urine containers can be discarded as nonbiologically hazardous waste

A

true

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22
Q

disinfection of the sink using a 1:5 or _____

A

1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite

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23
Q

disinfection of the sink with 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite should be performed ______

A

daily

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24
Q

disinfection eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms, except _______

A

bacterial spores

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25
a 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite is prepared by adding 1 part of sodium hypochlorite to 9 parts of water that is effective for how many month/s?
1 month
26
describe the biohazard symbol
three circles overlapping each other (triple venn diagram with the overlapping parts erased)
27
sharp hazards
needles, lancets, broken glasswares
28
sharp hazards are disposed in a _____
red puncture-resistant containers
29
sharp hazard symbol
syringe with cross (idk the term)
30
the best method of radioactive waste disposal
store the used radio material in a locked, marked room until the background count is down to 10 half-lives for radioiodine
31
radioactive hazards symbol
mukhang elecetric fan
32
best first aid for chemical spills
flush the area with amounts of water for at least 15 mins then seek medical attention
33
for alkali or acid burns in the eye, wash out eye thoroughly with _____ 15 mins
running water
34
true or false neutralize chemicals that come in contact with the skin
false (it must not be neutralize)
35
true or false acid spills on floor can be neutralized and then soaked up with wet rags or spill pillows
true
36
how acid should be handled? a. always add water to acid b. always add acid to water
B. Always Add Acid to Water (AAW)
37
Colors of the Chemical Hazard Identification System
from right (You Were Born Right) Yellow (right) White (bottom) Blue (left) Red (top)
38
Yellow Chemical Hazards
Reactivity/Stability Hazard
39
White Chemical Hazards
Specific Hazards
40
Blue Chemical Hazard
Health Hazard
41
Red Chemical Hazard
Flammability Hazard
42
Reactivity/Stability Hazard
(SUVSM) 0 = Stable 1 = Unstable if heated 2 = Violent chemical change 3 = shock & heat may deteriorate/detonate 4 = May deterioriate/detonate
43
Specific Hazards
OXY = Oxidizer ACID = Acid ALK = Alkali COR = Corrosive W with line = Use no Water Bilog na may electricfan = Radiation
44
Health Hazard
(NSHED) 0 = Normal Material 1 = Slightly hazardous 2 = Hazardous 3 = Extreme danger 4 = Deadly
45
Flammability Hazard
0 = Will not burn 1 = Above 200℉ 2 = Below 200℉ 3 = Below 100℉ 4 = Below 73℉
46
Degree of Hazards (Hazard Index)
"No SMS Ex'S" 0 = No/minimal hazard 1 = Slight hazard 2 = Moderate hazard 3 = Serious hazard 4 = Extreme/Severe hazard
47
true or false do not operate equipment with wet hands
true
48
all electrical equipment is grounded in a ______ to avoid electric shock
3-pronged plug
49
true or false touch the person or the equipment involved if electric shock occurs
False
50
what should be done during electric shock
1. turn off the circuit breaker 2. unplug the equipment 3. move the equipment using a nonconductive glass or wood object
51
where should flammable chemicals be stored
safety cabinets and explosion-proof refrigerators
52
true or false persons with burning clothes should be wrapped in the plastic wrapper to smother the flames
false (should be wrapped in a blanket)
53
what should be done when fire is discovered
RACE Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish/Evacuate
54
how to operate a fire extinguisher
PASS Pull Aim Squeeze Sweep
55
Ordinary Combustibles: Paper, cloth, rubbish, plastic, wood
Fire Type A
56
Flammable Liquids: Alcohol, ether, grease, gasoline, paints, oil
Fire Type B
57
Electrical Equipment and motor switches
Fire Type C
58
Flammable metals: Mercury, magnesium, sodium, lithium
Fire Type D
59
Detonation (Arsenal Wife)
Fire Type E
60
Cooking media: Grease, oils, fats
Fire Type K
61
Type of Extinguisher for Fire Type A
water, dry chemical, loaded steam
62
Type of Extinguisher for Fire Type B
Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon foam
63
Type of Extinguisher for Fire Type C
Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon
64
What is the most recommended fire extinguisher for electrical equipment?
halon
65
Type of Extinguisher for Fire Type D
Metal X, sand; dry powder; fought by fire fighters only
66
Type of Extinguisher for Fire Type E
Allowed to burn out and nearby materials protected
67
Type of Extinguisher for Fire Type K
Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the tire
68
most common type of extinguisher for type A
water
69
most common type of extinguisher for type ABC
Dry Chemicals
70
most common type of extinguisher for type BC
Carbon Dioxide and Halon
71
what is the most common all-purpose extinguisher
Dry Chemical Extinguishers
72
Fire types that should be handled only by trained personnel
Class D and E fire
73
Work related and include strain due to repeated positions
Ergonomic Hazards
74
hazards due to extremely low temperatures
Cryogenic hazards
75
hazards that include centrifuges, refrigerators, autoclaves, homogenizers, and glasswares
Mechanical Hazards
76
Hazards that include running in rooms and hallways and wearing dangling jewelries
Physical Hazards

CLINICAL MICROSCOPY (2 decks)

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