Sake and Spirits Flashcards
1
Q
What is the name of the mold used in MPF for sake production and what is its Latin Name?
A
koji-kin Aspergillus oryzae
2
Q
What is the shinpaku refer to in Sake fermentation?
A
The pure starchy heart of the rice grain
3
Q
What type of rice is generally considered the most superior?
A
Yamada Nishiki
4
Q
What is the Seimaibuai?
A
The degree to which the rice has been milled.
5
Q
What is the maximum % of rice remaining for Junmai? Honjozo? Gino? Daiginjo?
A
Junmai (max remaining was 70% prior to 2004, now a higher percentage may remain) Honjozo (max 70 % remaining) Ginjo (max 60% remaining) Daiginjo (max 50% remaining)
6
Q
What is the difference between Junmai and Honjozo?
A
For Honjozo, as opposed to Junmai, a slight amount of brewer’s alcohol (pure distillate) is added to the sake before pressing following fermentation.
7
Q
If either Ginjo or Daiginjo is produced without the addition of brewer’s alcohol how will each style be listed for each respectively?
A
Junmai-Ginjo Junmai-Daigingo
8
Q
List the following steps of sake fermentation in order form first to last: Rinsing of the freshly milled rice Creating the Moto Rice is milled Rice is rinsed and soaked Fermentation Pasteurization and Filtration Creating the Koji Creating the Moromi Addition of water for alcohol level adjustment Sake is pressed
A
Rice is milled Rinsing of freshly milled Rice Creating the Koji Creating the Moto Creating the Moromi Rice is rinsed and soaked Fermentation Addition of water for alcohol level adjustment Sake is Pressed Pasteurization and Filtration
9
Q
What is the name of the scale that measures sake’s specific gravity, or density in contrast to that of water? Describe what values corresponding to this designate. (positive, negative, neutral)
A
Nihonshudo Designation of values: Negative values indicate sweetness Positive values indicate dryness Zero indicates neutural
10
Q
The following are service vessels for sake: Tokkuri, Ochoko, Sakazuki. What are they and how are they used?
A
Tokkuri: A ceramic, narrow-neck flask that sake is poured into from the bottle that is used as a decanter Ochoko: small cylindrical vessels that sake is served in Sakazuki: a more ceremonial vessel than Ochoko
11
Q
What is the term used to indicate that a sake is unpasteurized?
A
Namazake
12
Q
What is the term used to indicate that a sake is unfiltered?
A
Nigori
13
Q
What is the term used to indicate that a sake is aged in wooden barrels?
A
Taruzake
14
Q
What is the term used to indicate that a sake is from a smaller kura (brewery)?
A
Jizake
15
Q
What is the term used to indicate that a sake is undiluted?
A
Genshu
16
Q
What is the simple premise upon which the principle of distillation relies on?
A
Alcohol has a lower boiling point than water
17
Q
What is the boiling point of ethyl alcohol at sea level?
A
173F (78C)
18
Q
What is fractional distillation defined as?
A
the separation of two liquids with different boiling points
19
Q
What are the three most common vessels for distillation?
A
Alembic still Pot Still Continuous Still/Coffey/column/patent still
20
Q
Describe how a pot still functions.
A
Fermented liquor (the “wash”) is placed into a closed vessel and heat is applied directly to the vessel. This vaporizes the ethyl alcohol, a certain amount of water, and congeners-volatile molecules such as esters, other alcohols, and aldehydes, which contribute to the flavor (or off-flavor) of a spirit. The Vapors are then cooled, condensed into liquid and collected in a separate vessel. In this simple form the spirit will be impure. The distiller must discard the foreshows-the first vapors to condense- as these contain a toxic alcohol. The tails are also discarded, as unwanted congeners tend to collect in the distillate residue. The middle vapors are collected as the desired spirit.
21
Q
Describe how a Continuous still functions. How does it differ from a pot still? (anatomy, source of heat, purity/strength of spirit)
A
A continuous still has two columns- an Analyzer and a Rectifier. Steam is used rather than direct heat to vaporize the alcohol. The wash travels through steam heated layers in the Analyzer and the alcohol vapors leave the Analyzer and enter the Rectifier where they condense and are collected. Excess condensation continues back into the Anaylzer again and the process repeats until the desired strength of the spirit and purity is achieved.
22
Q
Do spirits improve with age? Which do? Which don’t?
A
Some do. Brown spirits, such as brandy and Scotch whisky, gain color and character from oak aging Bottled spirits, unlike wine, do not continue to develop.
23
Q
What are the three most common methods aside form oak aging that are used to flavor spirits? Describe how they work.
A
Infusion: Warmer quicker process with alcohol and flavoring agents Maceration: Slower, colder steeping with flavoring agents Percolation: base spirit is pumped through the flavoring method. Resembles coffee brewing.
24
Q
Alcoholic strength of a spirit on EU and US bottles is listed as ABV at what temperature?
A
20C (68F)
25
If a bottle is listed as 101 proof in the US, what is its abv?
50.50%
26
What is the typical abv range for liqueurs? Vodka & Gin? Whiskey, brandy, and rum?
Liqueurs (15-30%) Vodka & Gin (40-50%) Whiskey, brandy, rum (more than 60%)
27
If a spirit is "cask-strength" what does this indicate?
It has not been diluted with water prior to bottling.
28
What type of still is usually used for the distillation of wash destined to become vodka? How is it usually filtered?
Continuous still Usually filtered with charcoal
29
How does the number of distillations affect a spirit's abv? Purity?
The more distillations a spirit goes through the stronger and purer the final spirit will be.
30
What is Acquavit? (regional origin, base, flavoring ingredients)
Scandinavian clear spirit made from fermented potato or grain and flavored with caraway root and other aromatics.
31
What is the difference between Soju and Schochu? What is the wash traditionally used to make them? Awamori is an Okinawa style of Shochu that is always distilled from what?
Soju is Korean and Shochu is Japanese Sake is the traditional wash, but the spirit is now made from all manner of grain and potato Awamori is always distilled from rice.
32
Why do vodkas form Eastern Europe and Russia typically have more character than vodkas from Western Europe and America?
Because in the EU and the US there's a mandate on every spirit labeled as vodka to be neutral in flavor.
33
An EU producer must state the base for its vodka unless it is produced from what two bases?
Potatoes or Grain
34
Belvedere and Chopin are vodka producers from what country?
Poland
35
Ketel One and Smirnoff are Vodka producers form what country?
Holland Though Smirnoff is originally from Russia
36
Gin was developed in the 1500s first in what country? What was it originally called?
Holland Originally called Genever (Jenever)
37
What is the most common flavoring component of Gin?
Juniper berries
38
What are four styles of Gin produced?
London Dry Genever Plymouth Gin Old Tom Gin
39
What is the difference between oude and jonge Genever? What is the name of the cask-aged Genever wine made from at least 51% malt wine?
Oude or "old" is the old style that incorporated minimum 15% "malt wine", a distillate of corn, rye, and wheat Jonge is a cleaner more neutral Genever with less malt wine. Corenwyn is the cask-aged Genever mad from at least 51% malt wine.
40
What is the proper Gin for a Pink Gin cocktail? What other classic cocktail uses this style as its base and considered to be the precursor to the Martini?
Plymouth is the proper style for a Pink Gin Martinez
41
What style of gin is notable for having a citrus and spice element in addition to juniper berries? Name 3 producers of this style.
London Dry Producers: Beefeater Boodles Bombay Saphire
42
What is the preferred spelling of whiskey in Scotland? Ireland?
Whisky in Scottland Whiskey in Ireland
43
Who is credited with the first distilled whiskey produced in Kentucky?
Elija Craig in 1789
44
Whiskey is the distilled product of what? What types of these are the most common?
Distilled product of fermented grains, including unmalted and malted barley, maize, rye, oats, and wheat
45
Bourbon must be distilled form what minimum % of corn?
51%
46
If a bourbon is labeled "straight" what does this indicate?
Indicates that the bourbon is aged for at least two years and made without any added coloring or flavoring.
47
What stipulations exist for the production of Tennessee whiskey in regards to grain used, filtration, and geography?
Made from at least 51% corn and aged in new oak barrels Must be filtered with charcoal prior to aging and manufactured in the state of Tennessee.
48
If a bourbon is aged for less than a certain amount of years it must list the length of aging. Aged less than how many years?
If aged for less than two years.
49
If a whiskey is labeled "sour mash" what does this indicate?
Means a portion of spent mash is incorporated into a new fermenting mash.
50
What are the aging requirements for Rye Whiskey? How does it compare to bourbon?
Minimum 51% rye used and aged in new charred oak barrels for a minimum of two years. It is more powerful and bitter than bourbon.
51
If a whiskey is labeled as "Corn" whisky, what is the minimum percentage of the grain that must be used?
Minimum 80% used
52
What is the difference between barrels used for bourbon production and scotch production?
Used bourbon and sherry casks are used for aging Scotch rather than new oak.
53
Geographically speaking, which Scotch distilleries produce Scotch whisky with a more pronounced peatiness?
Scotches from the coastal and island distilleries are typically more peaty.
54
What are the five categories of Scotch?
Single Malt Scotch Single Grain Scotch Blended Malt Scotch Blended Grain Scotch Blended Scotch
55
What distillation vessel is used in the production of Single Malt Scotch? Where?
Pot still at a single distillery
56
What is the grain used for single malt scotch production?
Malted barley
57
If a scotch is "wood-finished" what does this indicate for Single Malt? Who are two producers that are pioneers of this style? Why was it created?
Indicates that the Single Malt has been transferred from its cask to another that held Port, Sherry, Madeira, Burgundy, Sauternes, etc. The permutations are endless. Balvenie is a common producer of this style
58
How is Single Grain Scotch different than Single Malt Scotch? Similar?
Similar in that it is produced at a single distillery, but different in that the ingredients are unmalted barley, wheat, or corn rather than malted barley
59
Which styles of Scotch must be produced from a single distillery? Which allow blending from multiple distilleries?
Single Malt Single Grain Blended Whisky can be produced from a number of different distilleries
60
What is a Blended Grain Scotch Whiskey produced from?
Produced from two or more grain whiskies.
61
What is the minimum abv for scotch? How does this affect the ageability in barrel?
40% abv is the minimum Ageability is shortened do to evaporation, or "angels' share", which weakens the spirit too much to qualify for the minimum. 30-32 years is the usual max aging ability.
62
What are the 6 regions of production for scotch?
Highland Lowland Speyside Islay Campbeltown The Islands
63
Oban, Dalamore, Glenmorangie, and Dalwhinnie are all produced in what region?
Highland
64
Glenkinchie, Auchentoshan, Bladnoch are all producers in what region?
Lowland
65
Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, and Macallan are produced from water from what river in what region?
Speyside
66
What region of Scotch is known for producing often the lightest and least smoky style making it an ideal aperitif?
Lowland
67
What region is known for a style that is considered milder and fruity in character?
Speyside
68
What region is home to Ardbeg, Laphroaig, and Lagavaulin and is known for producing the most peaty, smoky style of Scotch whiskey?
Islay
69
What are the three distilleries of Campbeltown?
Glen Scotia Glengyle Springbank
70
What scotch producing region is known for pronounced pettiness and toasted seaweed character? What are the five islands that comprise this region? Which is home to Talisker? Which is home to Highland Park?
The Islands Skye (Talisker) Jura Mull Arran Orkney (Highland Park)
71
Scotch must be distilled at least how many times or more?
Twice or more
72
How is Irish Whiskey different from Scotch whisky stylistically?
Usually absent of peat because it is almost exclusively not used.
73
What is the one notable peaty whiskey of Ireland?
Single Malt Connemara produced by Cooley.
74
How many times is Irish whiskey typically distilled? What is the traditional fermentation vessel? What is more commonly used today?
Traditionally distilled three times in a pot still, but more commonly distilled in a continuous still.
75
Where is Glenora Distillers and what style of whisky are they famous for?
Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia Famous for malt whisky in the style of scotch.
76
What is the most famous producer of Japanese whiskey?
Suntory
77
What is the base material for brandy production?
Wine is the base material. Almost exclusively from grapes, but other fruits are used.
78
How does the EU define brandy?
The distillation of wine - not pomace - with a minimum abv of 36% and a minimum oak aging of 6 months.
79
If a Cognac is labeled as "Fine Champagne" what does this indicate?
The Cognac is distilled entirely from wines produced in the Grande Champagne and Petite Champagne regions, with Grande Champagne composing at least 50% of the blend.
80
What are the six quality regions for Cognac production? List them in descending order of quality.
Grande Champagne, Petite Champagne, Borderies, Fins Bois, Bons Bois, Bois Ordinaires (Bois à Terroirs)
81
What makes Grande Champagne and Petite Champagne the best two regions for Cognac production?
Higher percentage of soft chalk.
82
What is the main grape used in Cognac production? What is the synonym for this grape commonly used in Cognac? What two other grapes are commonly used for Cognac production among others?
Ugni Blanc St.-Émilion, Trebbiano, White Hermitage, White Shiraz is the synonym for Ugni Blanc here Folle Blanche and Colombard are also used but make up less than 2 % of total plantings.
83
How many times is Cognac distilled and what is the distillation vessel used?
Twice in a copper Charentais pot still
84
What are the first and second distillations called in Cognac production? What are the four parts that the second distillation produces called? Which part becomes the Cognac?
Brouillis (First Distillation) Several batches of this are returned to the boiler to be distilled again, to extract the "soul" of Cognac. Bonne Chauffe (Second Distillation) 1) Tête (heads) 2) Cœur (hearts) 3) Seconds (second cuts) 4) Queue (tails) The distiller separates the Tête, Seconds, and Queue from the heart, which becomes the Cognac.
85
What two forests are commonly sourced for Cognac barrels?
Limousine and Tronçais
86
If a Cognac is labeled "Fine" what does this indicate? What other synonymous terms can be listed?
"Fine" can apply to Cognac from Grande Champagne or Petite Champagne as Grande Fine Champagne or Petite Fine Champagne but does not imply anything else.
87
What are the five aging designations in Cognac? How is each indicated on the bottle?
Cognac must be aged in oak casks for a Min 2 years (from April 1 of year following harvest) VS (Very Special) or \*\*\*, de Luxe, Grand Choix, Surchoix - Min. 2 years old Supérieur - min. 3 years old VVSOP (Very Special, or Superior, Old Pale) - Min. 4 years old VSOP, Grande Réserve - min 5 years old XO (Extra Old), Napoleon, Extra, Royal, Très Vieux, Vieille Reserve - Min. 6 years old (as of 2018 "XO" will indicate cognac aged for a Min. 1- years--the original deadline of 2016 was protested to ensure consistency of stocks)
88
If a Cognac is the product of a blend of brandies, the aging designation refers to the oldest/youngest in the blend?
The age of the youngest eau-de-vie
89
What are the three regions of production in Armagnac?
Haut-Armagnac Bas-Armagnac Armagnac-Ténarèze
90
What is the only hybrid grape authorized in any French AOP?
Baco Blanc
91
What are the grapes commonly used for Armagnac production?
Ugni Blanc, Colombard, Folle Blance (Picpoul), and Baco Blanc
92
How does Armagnac compare stylistically to Cognac?
Armagnac is typically the product of a blend of grapes rather than a single varietal It also tastes more rustic, fiery, and more flavorful than Cognac
93
Name three producers of Armagnac.
LarressingleChâteau LaubadeChâteau du Tariquet
94
In regards to grapes used in production, how does Cognac differ from Armagnac?
Cognac is commonly distilled more from a single varietal whereas Armagnac more often uses a blend of grapes.
95
How many times is Armagnac typically distilled? How many times may it be distilled?
Traditionally distilled twice in a Charentais pot still, but approximately 95% of brandy from this region undergoes only one distillation in a copper continuous still.
96
What are the 6 aging designations for Armagnac in increasing order of age?
VS / \*\*\*: 1-3 years old
VSOP / Napoléon: min 4 years old
XO: min 10 years old
Hors d'Age: min. 10 years old
XO Premium: min. 20 years old
Vintage: if Armagnac carries a vintage date, the vintage indicates year of harvest, not year of distillation. Minimum of 10 years in oak
97
What does coupage refer to in Cognac and Armagnac?
Refers to the blend of a number of barrel selections in order to achieve desired style
98
What is "petite eux"?
Mixture of distilled water and Armagnac that is added to the blend prior to bottling, to achieve the appropriate strength of spirit minimum 40%
99
Name four other French brandies other than Cognac and Armagnac?
Fine de Bordeaux Fine de Bourgogne Fine de la Marne Calvados
100
The following are all brandies. What nations produced them? Weinbraund Brandy de Jerez Aguardente Pisco
Weinbraund (Germany) Brandy de Jerez (Spain) Auardente (Portugal) Pisco (Chile/Peru)
101
How are pomace spirits different form Brandies?
Production of the distillate comes from the pomace, or remnant left after pressing grapes, rather than wine and are therefore not brandies, but they share similar characteristics.
102
Name three examples of pomace spirits from three different countries.
Marc (France) Grappa (Italy) Bagaceira (Portugal)
103
What are the three appellations of Calvados? Which requires a minimum of 30% pear cider? Which limits the addition of pear cider to a maximum of 30%
Calvados Calvados Domfrontais (requires a minimum of 30% pear cider) Calvados Pays d'Auge (limited to max 30% pear cider)
104
What is the premier region for Calvados production?
Calvados Pays d'Auge
105
Calvados can be released as a vintage bottling or a blend of years. For the latter, what are the three aging designations that can be applied and what are their requirements?
Prior to release, Calvados must be aged in oak casks (max. 20hl) for a Min. 2 years from July 1 of the year following the distillation Fine / Trois Etoiles / Trois Pommes / VS - Min. 2 years old Vieux / Réserve - Min. 3 years old Vieille Réserve / VSOP / VO - Min. 4 years old Hors d'Age / XO / Tres Vieille Reserve / Tres Vieux / Extra / Napoleon - Min. 6 years old
106
How many times is Calvados traditionally distilled and in what distillation vessel? How many years is it aged for minimally? Which region of Calvados is always distilled in a continuous still?
Twice in a copper pot still aged for a minimum 2 years Calvados Domfrontais
107
The following are eaux de vies from around the world. For each name the fruit that is used as a source for the distillation and country of origin: Kirschwasser (Kirsch) Poire William Framboise Slivovitz/Mirabelle/Ouetsch/Prunelle Boukha Barack Palinka
Kirschwasser (black cherries/Germany) Poire William (Bartlett Pear/France) Framboise(Raspberry/France) Slivovitz/Mirabelle/Ouetsch/Prunelle (Plum/ all over Central and Eastern Europe. Serbia, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary) Boukha (Fig/Tunisia) Barack Palinka (Apricot/Hungary)
108
Rum is produced from the distillation of what?
Fermented sugarcane or molasses
109
What are five styles of rum produced? Name a producer of each style.
Light Rum (Bacardi) Dark Rum (Gosling's) Demerara (El Dorado) Rhum Agricole (Clement) Spiced Rum (Captain Morgan)
110
Why is Light Rum so light in color? What Brazilian spirit that serves as the base for the Caipirinha is essentially a Light Rum?
It is filtered with charcoal prior to bottling and distilled in continuous method so it's purity is very high Cachaça
111
Which style of rum is best suited for mixing?
Light Rum
112
How dark Dark Rum get its color? Where are the best produced?
Aging in barrel and caramel additions give dark rum its color The best are produced in Jamaica
113
How does Dark Rum compare to Light Rum in regards to style? How many times is it typically distilled?
Dark Rum is fuller in body, darker in color, and dominated by more complex caramel notes rather than simple suggestions of sweetness found in light rum.
114
Rhum agricole is produced on what island? From what base?
Produced mainly on the caribbean island of Martinique Distillation is produced from freshly squeezed sugarcane juice.
115
What are the four states in Mexico allowed to produce Tequila?
Jalisco Guanajuato Tamaulipas Nayarit Michoacán
116
Which plant is the source of the cooked piña used for the production of Tequila?
Blue agave plant
117
If a tequila is "mixto" it must contain what minimum % of blue agave sugar?
Minimum 51% blue agave
118
How many distillations does tequila typically undergo? What is the traditional distillation vessel used?
Twice in a pot still or once by continuous still Traditionally in a pot still
119
What are the four aging designations for Tequila?
Blanco - Unaged/aged less than two months in stainless steel or neutral oak Joven - silver tequila that may be flavored with caramel coloring, or blending silver tequila with aged or extra-aged tequila Reposado - Aged Min 2 months, but less than one year in oak barrels of any size Anejo - Aged Minimum 1 year but less than 3 years in small oak barrels Extra Anejo - Aged Min 3 years in oak barrels (category established in 2006)
120
If a tequila is labeled "gold' or "oro" what does this indicate?
Enhancement, or mellowing by addition of caramel or oak extract
121
What state of Mexico is considered the home of premium Mezcal?
Oaxaca
122
What two fruits are used more often than the blue agave for Mezcal production?
Maguey and Espadin agave
123
What does mezcal con gusano mean? What is this often a sign of?
Bottle has a worm inside it Often an indication of poorer quality.
124
What are the three aging designations for Mezcal and what are the requirements for each?
Joven: Young mezcal. Similar to Blanco/Silver Tequila Reposado - aged in oak for at least 2 months Añejo - aged in oak barrels of no more than 200L for at least one year
125
Bitters are beverages which rely on the balance of what two taste sensations?
Sweetness and Bitterness
126
Amari are typically used as aperitifs and digestifs. Which styles are used more for the former? Which are used more for the later?
Lower-alcohol bitters such as Aperol or Campari are better served as Aperitifs Higher-alcohol bitters such as Fernet and Averna are an after-diner drink best served as a digestif
127
Campari is a bitter that has which ingredients as its main three?
Orange, Gentian, Rhubarb
128
What does VEP mean in regards to Chartreuse?
Vieillissement Exceptionnellement Prolongé Made by the same method and with the same ingredients as non-VEP Chartreuse, but undergoes extra long aging in oak casks to reach exceptional quality.
129
Fernet Branca is an herbal liqueur from what country? What are the ingredients?
Italy Herbs, roots, spices
130
Averna is an herbal liqueur from what country? What are the ingredients?
Italy Herbs, roots, citrus
131
Ramazzoti is an herbal liqueur from what country?
Italy Herbs, roots, orange peel, anise
132
Cynar is an herbal liqueur from what country? What are the ingredients?
Italy Artichokes
133
Amer Picon is an herbal liqueur from what country? What are the ingredients?
France Orange and Gentian
134
Campari is an herbal liqueur from what country? What are the ingredients?
Italy Rhubarb, Orange, Gentian
135
Suze is an herbal liqueur from what country? What are the ingredients?
France Gentian Roots and Herbs
136
Boonekamp is an herbal liqueur from what country?
Germany Herbs, roots, spices
137
Unicum/Zwach is an herbal liqueur from what country?What are the ingredients?
Hungary Herbs and Spices
138
Jägermeister is an herbal liqueur from what country?What are the ingredients?
Germany Herbs, Spices, and Fruits
139
Curaçao is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Netherlands - Cuacao Island (Caribbean) Laraha Citrus
140
Grand Marnier is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
France Orange and Cognac
141
Van der Hume is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
South Africa Tangerine
142
Maraschino is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Croatia Cherry
143
Chambord is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
France Black Raspberry
144
Crème de Cassis is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
France Blackcurrant
145
Cherry Heering is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Denmark Cherry
146
Pisang Ambon is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Netherlands Banana
147
Midori is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Japan Melon
148
Tamara is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Israel Dates
149
Malibu is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Barbados Coconut (rum base)
150
Limoncello is a fruit liqueur from what country and what base fruit?
Italy Lemon
151
Advocaat is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Egg Liqueur made from sweetened egg in the Netherlands
152
Bailey's is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Cream and chocolate liqueur from Ireland
153
Amarula is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Cream and Marula Fruit liqueur form South Africa
154
Tia Maria is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Coffee liqueur with a rum base from Jamaica
155
Kahlua is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Coffee liqueur with a rum base from Mexico
156
Godiva is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Chocolate liqueur from Belgium.
157
Frangelicao is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Hazelnut liqueur from Italy
158
Amaretto is a Coffee/Cream/Nut/or Egg Liqueur from what base and country?
Apricot and almond liqueur from Italy
159
Southern Comfort is a whiskey-based liqueur made from what ingredients and from what country?
Made from Peach, Orange, and Spices from United States
160
Drambuie is a whiskey-based liqueur made from what ingredients and from what country?
Made form heather, honey, and herbs with a scotch base from Scotland
161
Glen Mist is a whiskey-based liqueur made from what ingredients and from what country?
Made from heather, honey, and herbs with a Scotch base from Scotland
162
Glayva is a whiskey-based liqueur made from what ingredients and from what country?
Made from Honey, tangerine, and spices with a Scotch base from Scotland.
163
Irish Mist is a whiskey-based liqueur made from what ingredients and from what country?
Made from honey and herbs and an Irish Whiskey base. From Ireland.
164
Pernod is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Anise France
165
Ricard is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Anise France
166
Pastis is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Anise France
167
Ouzo is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Anise Greece
168
Sambuca is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Anise and elderberry Italy
169
Galliano is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Anise, herbs, and vanilla Italy
170
Licor 43 is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Vanilla, herbs, and spices Spain
171
Kümmel is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Caraway Denmark
172
Benedictine is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Herbs and spices France
173
Chartreuse is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Herbs, plants, roots, and spices France
174
B&B is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Blended Benedictine and Brandy France
175
Strega is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Saffron, herbs, and spices Italy
176
Crème de Menthe is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Mint Various locations
177
Krupnik is a liqueur made from what main ingredient and country of origin?
Honey Poland
178
What is the purpose of adding brewer's alcohol following sake fermentation in Honjozo styles?
Adding some distillate makes some of the aromas and flavors in the sake more vibrant. Also increases the stability of the sake before and after the bottle has opened maintaining the quality of the sake for a much longer time. (more shelf stability)
179
If a sake is Junmai in style rather than Honjozo what does this mean?
Junmai means the sake is pure sake in the sense that no adjuncts (starches or sugars other than rice) are added to the fermenting mixture.
180
Where is Demerara Rum produced and from what base?
Produced in Guyana and distilled from molasses.
181
Match the Special Styles of Sake
## Footnote
aged in wooden barrels, Undiluted sake, from a smaller kura (brewery), Unfiltered Sake, Unpasteurized Sake
Namazake
Nigori Sake
Taruzake Sake
Jizake Sake
Genshu Sake
Namazake Unpasteurized Sake
Nigori Sake Unfiltered Sake
Taruzake Sake aged in wooden barrels
Jizake Sake from a smaller kura (brewery)
Genshu Sake Undiluted sake
