SALIVA

Question 1

COMPOSITION OF SALIVA

Answer 1

water (99.5%)
solid (0.5%) - organic (enzymes)
- inorganic (Na+// K+)

Question 2

MECHANISM OF SECRETION

Answer 2

1.PRIMARY SECRETION
-by ACINAR CELLS
- isotonic to plasma

2.SECONDARY SECRETION
-by DUCTULAR CELLS
- Na+ & Cl- reabsorbed
- K+ & HCO3- secreted

Question 3

FUNCTION OF SALIVA

Answer 3

1. Moistures oral cavity
2. Stimulate taste buds
3. Regulate temperature in animals
4. Alpha Amlylase - hydrolyse starch
5. Lingual lipase- digest fat
6. Mucin - lubricate food
   - Assists mastication & speech
   - protect oral mucosa

Question 4

REGULATION OF SALIVARY SECRETION

Answer 4

1. PARASYMPATHETIC
   -water secretion & vasodilation
2. SYMPATHETIC (SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION)
   -Increase mucous secretion
   -vasoconstriction
3. CONDITIONAL REFLEX
   
   • smell//taste//thought of food
4. UNCONDITIONAL REFLEX

Question 5

DISORDERS

Answer 5

1. XEROSTOMIA
   -Hyperplasia salivary gland
   -Destruction of acini
2. SIALOLITHAISIS
   
   • calculi in salivary duct
3. TRANSIENT HYPERSALIVATION
   
   • dehydration
4. HYPOSALIVATION
   
   • Bell’s Palsy