Salivary Glands T2 Flashcards
(47 cards)
Salivary glands are exo or endo crine?
Exocrine, that produces saliva
What is the position of the parotid gland?
located in a deep space(anterior and below the lower half of the ear)
What are the parotid gland relations
(Ant-post-sup-Inf)
• Anteriorly: mandibular ramus & masseter
(the parotid gland is behind them)
• Posteriorly: Mastoid process & sternomastoid
muscle (the parotid gland is in front of them)
• Superiorly: Zygomatic arch
• Inferiorly: Lower border of the mandible
Shape/ends of the parotid gland?
Shape: wedge (Inverted pyramid) shaped.
• It has 2 ends, 3 borders and 3 surfaces
• It has 2 ends:
1. Concave upper end (base)
2. Lower end (apex)
What are the 3 borders of the parotid glands?
- Anterior border: lies on masseter muscle
and the parotid duct arises from this border - Posterior border: related to sternomastoid
muscle - Medial border: related to lateral pharyngeal wall
What are the 3 surfaces of the parotid glands?
• Lateral
• Anteromedial
• Posteromedial
The facial nerve courses horizontally through the parotid gland and divides it into?
• Deep lobe
• Superficial lobe
Parotid (stensen’s) duct pierces what? opening into what?
• Buccal pad of fat
• Buccopharyngeal fascia
• Buccinator muscle
• Buccal mucosa
- Opens into the vestibule of mouth on a small papilla, opposite the second upper molar tooth
Structures within parotid glands from superficial to deep OR lateral to medial
1- Facial nerve (Most superficial)
2- Retromandibular vein (Intermediate in position)
3- External carotid artery (Most deep)
4- Parotid group of Lymph nodes
Extracranial pathway of Facial Nerve
Askkkkk
Facial nerve emerges from …… to?
emerges from stylomastoid foramen to enter the gland at its posteromedial surface
Facial nerve gives how many branches?
2 Branches before it enters the gland
5 Branches within the parotid
The Branches within the parotid leaves to be?
leave anteromedial suface of the gland:
1 Temporal
2- Zygomatic
3- Buccal
4 Mandibular
5 Cervical
Retromandibular vein is formed within the gland by?
by the union of maxillary & superficial temporal veins
Retromandibular vein is leaves where?
leaves lower end of the gland
Before Retromandibular vein leaves the gland it’s divided into 2 division/branches?
- anterior (joins facial vein)
- posterior (joins posterior auricular vein to form external jugular vein)
External Carotid artery is divided into its 2
terminal branches what are they?
maxillary and superficial temporal arteries at neck of
mandible
maxillary and superficial temporal arteries leave from?
leave upper end & anteriomedial surface of gland
What’s the Nerve supply of the parotid gland?
- Parasympathetic (secretomotor):
• Reach gland through auriculotemporal nerve - Sympathetic:
• from plexus around external carotid artery. - Sensory supply:
• Auriculo-temporal nerve (a branch of posterior division of mandibular nerve)
What’s the Blood supply of the parotid gland?
- Arterial supply:
• external carotid artery + its 2-terminal branches (maxillary and superficial temporal artery) - Venous drainage:
• The 2-veins (maxillary & superficial temporal veins) drain into the retromandibular vein - Lymphatic:
• parotid lymph nodes which finally drain into deep cervical lymph nodes
Parotid gland infection (mumps) is presented in what year? What’s the pathogen causing it? What’s the symptoms shown?
- Present at 4 – 6 years old
- Uncommon due to MMR vaccine
- Pathogen: mumps virus (a paramyxovirus)
- Presentation: painful parotid swelling (may
involve submandibular and sublingual glands)
Define Submandibular Gland, mention it’s site
It is a lobulated mass, located deep to the body of the mandible (submandibular fossa)
Submandibular Gland is formed of two parts what are they?
• Large Superficial Part
• Small Deep Part: lies deep to mylohyoid and superficial to hyoglossus
The Large Superficial Part lies in
lies in digastric triangle between mylohyoid & body of mandible (superficial to mylohyoid)
