Salivation

Question 1

Parotid Gland

Answer 1

anterior to the ear, wrapped around the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible

Question 2

Submandibular Gland

Answer 2

Extraoral (superficial) part inferior to lateral aspect of the body of the mandible

Intraoral (deep) part inferior to the mucosa of the floor of the mouth

Question 3

Sublingual Gland

Answer 3

lateral to the submandibular duct, between the tongue and the mandible

Question 4

Parotid – Stensen’s duct:

Answer 4

• Runs anteriorly superficial to the masseter before turning medially to pierce the buccinator
• Opens into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the maxillary second molar

Question 5

Submandibular – Wharton’s duct:

Answer 5

• Emerges from medial side of the intraoral (deep) part of the gland and runs forward
• Opens at the sublingual papillae in the floor of the mouth, posterior to the lower incisors

Question 6

Sublingual – ducts of Rivinus:

Answer 6

• Minor ducts open onto the crest of the sublingual fold (plica sublingualis)
• Major duct opens with submandibular duct at the sublingual papillae

Question 7

The Secretomotor Nerve Supply to the Major Salivary Glands

Answer 7

o Secretomotor nerve fibres induce glands to secrete a substance
o These fibres are part of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervoussystem

Question 8

Ganglia are

Answer 8

swelling on nerves found where autonomic nerve fibres join others

Question 9

Pre-ganglionic fibres make … with post-ganglionic fibres

Answer 9

Synapses

Question 10

Ganglia accommodate the cell bodies of post-ganglionic fibres – hence the thickness
o Hence, salivary glands are supplied by … nerve fibres

Answer 10

Post ganglionic

Question 11

Parotid Innervation – supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]:

Answer 11

o The glossopharyngeal nerve leaves cranial cavity through jugular foramen
o The tympanic nerve branches off the jugular foramen and passes back into skull and middle ear cavity to the tympanic plexus
o The lesser petrosal nerve arises from the tympanic plexus
o The lesser petrosal briefly enters the cranial cavity and runs under the brain. It leaves the skull through the foramen ovale
o The lesser petrosal nerve enters the otic ganglion, where the pre-ganglionic fibres synapse
o The post-ganglionic fibres are carried by the auriculotemporal nerve to the parotid gland

Question 12

Submandibular & Sublingual Innervation – supplied by the facial nerve [VII]:

Answer 12

• [VII] leaves the brain and skull via the temporal bone where it gives off a branch • This branch is the chorda tympani (CT) and runs to the infra-temporal fossa
o The infra-temporal fossa lies medial to the ramus of the mandible
• CT then joins the lingual nerve it hitches a lift and synapses at the submandibular ganglion
o A branch of the mandibular nerve, [V3]
• The post-ganglionic fibres then travel to the close-by submandibular and sublingual glands