Salts

Question 1

What type of ions do acids contain?

Answer 1

H+

Question 2

What type of ions do bases contain?

Answer 2

OH-

Question 3

What do s, l, g and aq mean?

Answer 3

s = solid
l = liquid
g = gas
aq = aqueous

Question 4

What is the ionic equation for neutralization?

Answer 4

H+ + OH- = water (H2O)

Question 5

When is ammonia commonly used?

Answer 5

Plant fertilizers

Question 6

What is the difference between a base and an alkali?

Answer 6

Bases = metal oxides or hydroxides
Alkalis = soluble hydroxides

Question 7

How are ammonium salts made?

Answer 7

Ammonia is dissolved in water to produce an alkaline solution - this can be used to neutralize an acid to produce ammonium salts

Question 8

What is a base?

Answer 8

A substance with a pH between 7 and 14, commonly a metal

Question 9

Give 3 ways in which a soluble salt can be prepared?

Answer 9

Acid + metal
Acid + alkali
Acid + insoluble base

Question 10

How can precipitation of unwanted salts be used to treat drinking water?

Answer 10

Filter the precipitate to remove unwanted salts

Question 11

How can a solid salt be obtained from a salt solution?

Answer 11

Evaporation - leaves behind salt crystals

Question 12

What salt is made from nitric acid?

Answer 12

Nitrate salt

Question 13

What salt is made from hydrochloric acid?

Answer 13

Chloride salt

Question 14

What salt is made from sulphuric acid?

Answer 14

Sulfate salt

Question 15

What is the pH range for a base?

Answer 15

7 - 14