Same Flashcards
(22 cards)
What did Thomas Hobbes state (2)
Social order was made by humans and therefore could be changed by humans
Life is nasty, brutish and short so individuals should surrender their lives to the king
What did john Locke state (2)
The individual mind is blank to begin with and gains ideas through experiences
If individuals pursue happiness it will promote cooperation
What did Rousseau state
Social contract= the individual is absorbed into the general will without losing their own will. They lose nothing, but are protected by society
Define social contract
Individuals in society cluntarily give up their own self interests to ensure equality among individuals
What did Mary wollenstonecraft state
She did not view women as different than men by nature and observed differences in socially constructed gender roles (women should be given equal opportunity)
Who was August Comte and what did he believe
Godfather of sociology
Intelligence arose from personal ideas but also society…so society should be studied from an individual perspective
Explain structural functionalist theory (functionalism)
Uses the metaphor of a machine- society is a complex machine and all the different parts work together to maintain society (even the bad things)
What philosopher started functionalism
Herbert Spencer
Social Darwinist theory=
The fittest survive
Manifest functions=
Consequences of a social process
(Eg- college:gaining of knowledge etc etc)
Latent functions=
Unsought consequences of a social project
(Eg- college education:meeting new people etc etc)
Conflict theory=
Focuses on societal forces that promote competition (people will achieve things at the expense of others)
What major societal issues does conflict theory address (4)
Competition (in resources)
Revolution (power dynamics)
Structural inequality (power)
War
What did Karl Marx believe
The capitalist system creates poor living and working conditions- proposed a classless society with shared property
What paradigm was Harriet Martineau involved in and what did she stand for
Conflicting theory
Stood up for lack of women’s rights
Define symbolic interactionism
Focused on relationships among individuals within a society
Is symbolic interactionism macro or micro level
Micro
Who were the 2 people involved in symbolic interactionism
Blumer and Mead
What id blumer state
People act towards things (ideas and objects) based on the meetings ascribed to them
Eg- when a host informs guests that a chair is a part of family history the meaning of the chair changes
What is Cooleys famous concept and what are the 3 stages involved
The “looking glass self”
1) you imagine how you appear to others
2) you imagine the judgment of the other person
3) you feel a sense of pride, happiness, guilt or shame
Is conflict theory macro or micro
Macro
Is structural functionalism macro or micro
Macro or mid
