Samson Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
Management of TMJ dysfunction
A
Reassure
2
Q
Hearing loss+swimming+invisible TM
A
Ear wax
3
Q
Management of Barotrauma
A
Refer to ENT
4
Q
Management of Ear wax
A
Olive oil ear drops
5
Q
Advice for doxycycline side effects
A
Take after meals
6
Q
Commonest causes of UTI
A
E. Coli
Proteus
7
Q
First line in hyperkalemia
A
10mls of 10% Calcium gluconate
8
Q
Purpura+arthritis+abdominal pains +GI bleeding+/- Nephritis
A
HSP
9
Q
Hereditary Epistaxis/menorrhagia/joint bleeding
A
Von willebrand
10
Q
Lab features of Von willebrand
A
High aPTT
Prolonged bleeding time
11
Q
Clotting profile in liver disease
A
High PT
High TT
High aPTT
Normal bleeding time
12
Q
Another name for HSP
A
Autoimmune hypersensitivity vasculitis
13
Q
Normal bleeding time
A
1-9 minutes
14
Q
MOA of Von willebrand
A
Impaired platelet aggregation
15
Q
When to transfuse
A
<7g/dl
16
Q
Aplasia+immature blood cells
A
Myeloblastic syndrome
17
Q
Fundal features of CRVO (commoner)
A
Intensely hyperemic
Flame shaped hemorrhages
18
Q
Fundal features of CRAO
A
Pale
Cherry red spots
19
Q
Bilateral miosis+irregular pupils+non response to light but response to accommodation
A
Iritis/Uveitis
20
Q
Gradual vision loss+inability to read even with glasses
A
Cataract
21
Q
Upper homonymous quandrantanopia
A
Optic radiation -Temporal lobe
22
Q
Lower homonymous quandrantanopia
A
Optic radiation -Parietal lobe
23
Q
Non congruous homonymous hemianopia
A
Optic tract
24
Q
Non congruous homonymous hemianopia
A
Optic tract
25
Congruous homonymous hemianopia
Occipital lobe
26
Management of anterior Uveitis
Prednisolone 0.5% drops 2hrly and cyclopentolate drops
27
Medial canthus painful swelling+purulent discharge following facial injury
Dacrocystitis
28
Flame hemorrhages+ optic disc edema+ painless loss of vision
Vitreous hemorrhage
29
Stages of Hypertensive retinopathy
1. Silver wiring
2. AV nipping
3. Cotton wool spots
30
Stages of Hypertensive retinopathy
1. Silver wiring
2. AV nipping
3. Cotton wool spots
31
Period for CVS
10-15 weeks
32
Period for Amniocentesis
15-18weeks
33
Another name for candidiasis
Moniliasis
34
Management of Stress incontinence
Pelvic floor exercises
Duloxetine
35
Management of Urge incontinence
Bladder training
Anticholinergics e.g. Oxybutinin
36
Test to differentiate types of incontinence
Urodynamic studies
37
Most effective measure in stress incontinence
Weight loss
38
Investigation in osteoporosis
DEXA
39
Prophylaxis for Osteoporosis
Bisphosphonate therapy
40
When to investigate in recurrent miscarriages
At least 3
41
Endometrial thickness for Endometrial cancer
>5mm
42
First line contraceptive in Menorrhagia
IUS
43
Tx. for exercise induced asthma
Na cromoglycate
44
Features of life threatening asthma
PEFR<33%
Oxygen<92%
Silent chest/Cyanosis
Hypotension/Arrhythmia
Exhaustion/altered consciousness
45
Chronic asthma steps
SABA
SABA+LICS
SABA+LICS+LTRA
LICS+LABA+/-LTRA
MART+LICS
MICS+LABA+SABA
HICS+/-Theophylline/Tiotropium
Oral steroid
Mab/immunosuppressant
46
FEV/FVC improvement post salbutamol in asthma
>15%
47
Management of acute exacerbation of COPD
Nebulized salbutamol
Salbutamol
IV Hydrocortisone
48
Low PaO2
High PaCO2
Type 2 Respiratory failure
49
Low PaO2
Normal/low PaCO2
Type 1 respiratory failure
50
Pneumonia after influenza
Staphylococcal pneumonia
51
Pneumonia with confusion/spain/outbreak/hotel
Legionella
52
Pneumonia in Cystic fibrosis
Staph. Aureus
53
Pneumonia in hostels/close population
Mycoplasma
54
Hospital acquired pneumonia<5days post admission
Streptococcus pneumonia
55
Pneumonia with hyponatremia and lymphopenia
Legionella
56
Tx. of choice in legionella pneumonia
Erythromycin
57
Pneumonia in bronchiectasis and Cystic fibrosis
Pseudomonas
58
Pneumonia with green phlegm/COPD
H. Influenza
59
Tx. in Chlamydia Psittaci pneumonia
Doxycycline/tetracycline
60
Mgt of acute STEMI
Aspirin
Ticagrelor
Morphine+Metoclopramide
PCI/rtPA
61
Mgt of ACS without ST elevation
Aspirin
Morphine
GTN spray
Fondaparinux
Ticagrelor/Clopidogrel
62
PCI window
120minutes
63
Past PCI window?
Thrombolytics+Heparin
64
Skin rash+positive glass test (non blanching)
Meningitis
65
Normal child with multiple vomiting improved when upright
GERD
66
Fever+vomiting+failure to thrive+no diarrhea
UTI
67
Vaginal discharge in a child (non sexually active)
Foreign body
68
First line tx. for enuresis<5yrs
Behavioral modification
69
First line long term tx. for enuresis
Enuresis alarm
70
Enuresis TX in sleep overs
Desmopressin
71
Another name for breath holding spells
Reflexic anoxic seizures
72
AD+recurrent LOC/pallor from childhood+sudden death
Long QT syndrome
73
Seizures in infants+abnormal EEG+abnormal development
Infantile spasms
74
Continuous machinery murmur+bounding pulse
PDA
75
Newborn head circumference
34.5cm
76
Microcephaly+short palpebral features+hx of alcohol
Fetal alcohol syndrome
77
Indistinct nasal speech+wake at night+tiredness during the day
Adenoids
78
Test for allergies
Radioallergosorbent test (RAST)
79
Mgt for Chest pain of 12hrs+normal ECG
Admit
80
Mgt for Chest pain 2 days ago+ normal ECG
Same day assessment by specialist
81
Mgt for central Chest pain of >20mins
Admit
82
Mgt for Chest pain and SOB for 2 days+weight loss
Specialist clinic within 2 weeks
83
Mgt for central Chest pain relieved by rest
Routine referral to cardiologist
84
Why auscultate in angina?
Aortic stenosis
85
Angina at rest+transient ST elevation
Prinzmetal's angina
86
Central chest pain radiating to scapular/intrascapular area
Aortic dissection
87
Palpitations that require admission
Ventricular tachycardia
Persistent SVT
Unstable
88
Mgt for Palpitations 2 days ago, precipitated by exercise, resolves with rest
Refer urgently to cardiologist
89
Mgt for past Palpitations with family hx of sudden cardiac death
Refer urgently to cardiologist
90
Mgt for non current palpitations+AS+normal ECG
Refer routinely to cardiologist
91
Drug of choice for AF+HF
Digoxin
92
Mgt steps for AF
B blockers/CCB
Digoxin
Cardioversion
93
Chaotic broad complex tachycardia+no pulse
VF
94
Regular narrow complex tachycardia+saw tooth appearance+ rate>150 + absent p waves
Atrial flutter
95
ECG features of digoxin toxicity
Down slopping ST segment
Inverted T waves
96
Alterations btw tachycardia and bradycardia
Sick sinus syndrome
97
Until proven otherwise, palpitations or arrhythmias within 48hrs post MI is always ...
Ventricular tachycardia
98
Tx. for VT
Amiodarone
99
Mgt. Steps for SVT
Valsalva manoeuvre/ carotid massage
Adenosine
Electrical cardioversion
100
Normal cholesterol levels
<200mg/dl (5.17mmol/l)
101
Rheumatic fever+mid diastolic murmur
MS
102
Murmur in IV drug users
TR
103
Murmur with bounding/water hammer pulse
Aortic regurgitation
104
HbA1c target in diet modification
48mmol/mol (6.5%)
105
HbA1c target in non hypoglycemic drugs e.g. metformin
48mmol/mol (6.5%)
106
HbA1c target in hypoglycemic drugs e.g. sulfonylureas
53mmol/mol (7%)
107
Thiazolidinediones example
Pioglitazone
108
Contraindications to thiazolidinediones
CCF
Previous/active bladder Ca.
Osteoporosis
109
DPP4 inhibitors examples
Sitagliptin, linagliptin, Saxagliptin
110
SGLT2 inhibitors
Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin
111
eGFR contraindications of Metformin
eGFR<30ml/min in Metformin SR
eGFR<45ml/min in Metformin MR
112
Metformin use in surgery
Stop 48hrs before surgery
Recommence at least 48hrs after surgery
113
GLP analogue examples
Exenatide
114
Poorly managed DM with BMI >30
Intensify lifestyle modification and metformin
115
PUD unresponsive to PPI + recurrent hypoglycemia
Insulinoma
116
Proteinuria values
ACR>30mg/mmol
Albumin>200mg/l
Protein>300mg/day
117
Erectile dysfunction is what type of neuropathy?
Autonomic neuropathy
118
Micro albuminuria values
ACR>2.5/3.5mg/mmol
Albumin>20mg/l
119
Normal serum creatinine level
60-110mmol/l
120
Drug for central DI
Desmopressin
121
Drug for Nephrogenic DI
Bendroflumethiazide/NSAIDs
122
What type of DI does lithium cause?
Nephrogenic
123
Normal serum prolactin level
<400mU/l
124
Primary hyperparathyroidism
High PTH
High Ca2+
Low PO4
125
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
High PTH
Low Ca2+
Low PO4
126
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
High PTH
High Ca2+
High PO4
127
High ALP + Normal Ca2+
Paget's disease
128
Features of Cushing + undetectable plasma ACTH
Adrenal adenoma
129
Investigation steps in Cushing's
24hr urinary cortisol
48hr DEXA suppression test
Plasma ACTH
High dose suppression test/Adrenal CT
Pituitary MRI/General CT
