SB1

Question 1

Eyepec lens

Answer 1

The part of the microscope you look down

Question 2

Magnification

Answer 2

How much bigger something appears compared with its actual size

Question 3

Objective lens

Answer 3

The part of the microscope that is closest to the specimen

Question 4

Resolution

Answer 4

Smallest change that can be measured by an instrument e.g. the smallest distance between two points

Question 5

Stain

Answer 5

A dye used to colour parts of a cell to make them easier to see

Question 6

Aerobic respiration

Answer 6

A type of reparation in which oxygen is used to release energy from a substance e.g. glucose

Question 7

Cell (surface) membrane

Answer 7

The membrane that controls what goes into and out of a cell

Question 8

Cell sap

Answer 8

Liquid found n the permanent vacuole in a plant cell

Question 9

Cell wall

Answer 9

A tough layer of material around some cells (plant cells) which is used for protection and support. It is made of cellulose in plant cells

Question 10

Chlorophyll

Answer 10

The green substance found in chloroplasts. I traps energy transferred by sunlight

Question 11

Chloroplasts

Answer 11

A green disk containing chlorophyll, found in plant cells. Using photosynthesis makes glucose

Question 12

Chromosome

Answer 12

A structure sound in the nuclei of cells. Each chromosome contains one enormously long DNA molecule.

Question 13

Cytoplasm

Answer 13

The watery jelly inside a cell where the cell’s activities take place

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

A substance that contains genetic information. SHort for deoxyribonucleic acid.

Question 15

Eukaryotic

Answer 15

A cell with a nucleus is eukaryotic. Organisms that have cells like this are also said to be eukaryotic.

Question 16

Field of view

Answer 16

The circle of light you see looking down a microscope

Question 17

Mitochondrion (pl. mitochondria)

Answer 17

A sub-cellular structure (organelle) in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, where aerobic respiration occurs.

Question 18

Nucleus

Answer 18

The “control centre” of a eukaryotic cell

Question 19

Ribosome

Answer 19

Tiny sub-cellular structure that makes proteins

Question 20

Scale bar

Answer 20

A line drawn on a magnified image that shows a certain distance at that magnification

Question 21

Scientific paper

Answer 21

An article written by a scientist about experiments and conclusions

Question 22

(Permanent) Vacuole

Answer 22

Storage space in cells and helps to keep a plant rigid

Question 23

Acrosome

Answer 23

The tip of the head of a sperm cell which contains enzymes

Question 24

Adaption/Adapted

Answer 24

The features that something has to do a certain job/Adapted to a function

Question 25

Ciliates epithelial cell

Answer 25

A cell that lines certain tubes of the body and has cilia on its surface

Question 26

Cillium

Answer 26

A small hair-like structure on the surface of some cells. Plural to cilia.

Question 27

Digestion

Answer 27

A process that breaks molecules into smaller, more soluble substances

Question 28

Diploid

Answer 28

Describes a cell that has two sets of chromosomes

Question 29

Egg cell

Answer 29

THe female gamete (sex cell)

Question 30

Embryo

Answer 30

The tiny new life that grows by cell division from a fertilised egg cell (zygote)

Question 31

Enzyme

Answer 31

A substance that can speed up the process in living things (e.g. breaking down molecules)

Question 32

Epithelial cell

Answer 32

A cell found on the surfaces of parts of the body

Question 33

Fertilisation

Answer 33

Fusing a male gamete and female gamete

Question 34

Gamete

Answer 34

A cell used for sexual reproduction

Question 35

Haploid

Answer 35

Describes a cell that has one set of chromosomes

Question 36

Microvillus

Answer 36

A fold on the surface of a virus cell. These folds increase the surface area so that digested food is absorbed more quickly. Plural is microvilli.

Question 37

Oviduct

Answer 37

A tube that carries egg cells from the ovaries to the uterus of females. Fertilisation happens here

Question 38

Specialised cell

Answer 38

A cell that is adapted for a certain specific function (job)

Question 39

Sperm cell

Answer 39

The male gamete (sex cell)

Question 40

Chromosomal DNA

Answer 40

DNA found in chromosomes but the term is often used to describe the large loop of DNA found in bacteria

Question 41

DNA

Answer 41

A substance that contains genetic information. Shout for deoxyribonucleic acid.

Question 42

Flagellum

Answer 42

A tail-like structure that rotates,allowing a unicellular organism to move.

Question 43

Plasmid

Answer 43

A small loop of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacteria

Question 44

Plasmid DNA

Answer 44

DNA found in plasmids

Question 45

Prokaryotic

Answer 45

A cell with no nucleus such as bacteria

Question 46

Biological catalyst

Answer 46

A substance found in living organisms that speeds up reactions (an enzyme)

Question 47

Catalyst

Answer 47

A substance that speeds up the rate of reaction, without itself being used up.

Question 48

Digest

Answer 48

To break up large molecules into smaller subunits. Particularly in the digestive system

Question 49

Monomer

Answer 49

A small molecule that can join with other molecules like itself to form a polymer

Question 50

Polymer

Answer 50

A substance made up of very long molecules containing repeating groups of atoms. Formed by joining monomers together.

Question 51

Product

Answer 51

A substance formed in a reaction

Question 52

Substrate

Answer 52

A substance that is changed during a reaction

Question 53

Synthesis

Answer 53

To build a large molecule from smaller subunits

Question 54

Benedict’s solution

Answer 54

A bright blue chemical reagent that turns orange or red when warmed with a solution of reducing sugars

Question 55

Biuret test

Answer 55

A test that uses