SB2g: The Nervous System Keywords Flashcards Preview

Biology SB2: Cells And Control > SB2g: The Nervous System Keywords > Flashcards

Flashcards in SB2g: The Nervous System Keywords Deck (18)
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1
Q

Axon

A

The long extension of a neurone that carries an impulse away from the dendron or dendrites towards other neurones.

2
Q

Axon terminal

A

Small ‘button’ at the end of the branches that leave an axon.

3
Q

Central nervous system

A

The main part of the nervous system – the brain and spinal cord. Abbreviated to CNS.

4
Q

CNS

A

Stands for central nervous system.

5
Q

Dendrite

A

A fine extension from a neurone, which carries impulses towards the cell body.

6
Q

Dendron

A

Large, long extension of a sensory neurone that carries impulses from dendrites towards the axon.

7
Q

Impulse

A

Electrical signal transmitted along a neurone.

8
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Fatty covering around the axons of many neurones. It speeds up the transmission of impulses along their length and helps to insulate them from one another.

9
Q

Nerve cell

A

Another term for neurone.

10
Q

Nervous system

A

An organ system that contains the brain, spinal cord and nerves, and carries impulses around the body. This system helps us to sense and respond quickly to changes inside and outside our bodies.

11
Q

Neurone

A

A cell that transmits electrical impulses in the nervous system.

12
Q

Neurotransmission

A

Impulses passing from neurone to neurone.

13
Q

Receptor cell

A

Cell that receives a stimulus and converts it into an electrical impulse to be sent to the brain and/or spinal cord.

14
Q

Response

A

Action that occurs due to a stimulus.

15
Q

Sense organ

A

Organ that contains receptor cells.

16
Q

Sensory neurone

A

Neurone that carries impulses from receptor cells, towards the central nervous system.

17
Q

Spinal cord

A

Large bundle of nerves, leading from the brain and down the back.

18
Q

Stimulus

A

Change in a factor (inside or outside the body) that is detected by receptors. Plural: stimuli.