SB5

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical,mental and social well-being

Question 2

Disease

Answer 2

Is any change in the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is magnified by a characteristic set of symptoms

Question 3

Non-communicable

Answer 3

A disease that cannot be passed between people, caused by a problem in the body

Question 4

Communicable

Answer 4

A disease that can be passed between people, caused by problems in the body

Question 5

Cardiovascular diseases

Answer 5

Are those which affect the heart and blood vessels

Question 6

BMI (Body Mass Index)

Answer 6

Uses mass (KG) and height (M) to predict the amount of fat. A BMI over 30 is considered obese

BM1-mass
———-
height2(height squared)

Question 7

Pathogen

Answer 7

A microorganism that causes infectious disease is called a pathogen

Question 8

How we classify pathogens

Answer 8

Bacteria, protists, fungi and viruses (debatable)

Question 9

Virus

Answer 9

Is a particle that can infect cells and cause the cells to make copies of the virus

Question 10

Name some pathogens that can spread through the air?

Answer 10

chickenpox, measles, cholera, tuberculosis

Question 11

Physical barrier

Answer 11

Physical barriers stop pathogens getting past them, or make it difficult to do so

Question 12

Chemical barrier

Answer 12

Chemical barriers react with substances in the pathogens and either kill them or make them in active

Question 13

Name some physical barriers

Answer 13

Ciliated cells, skin (mucus both physical & chemical barriers)

Question 14

Name some chemical barriers

Answer 14

Lysozyme, hydrochloric acid (mucus both physical & chemical barriers)

Question 15

Microbes/Immune system

Answer 15

If microbes do you get into our body, we rely on the immune system (An extremely important part of the immune system is white blood cells)

Question 16

Lymphocytes

Answer 16

Special white blood cells are used to combat pathogen is if they get into the body. They’re called lymphocytes

Question 17

Where are antibodies found?

Answer 17

Antibodies are found in lymphocytes

Question 18

Where are antigens found?

Answer 18

Antigens are found on pathogens

Question 19

Antibodies/Antigens

Answer 19

The body can recognise antigens from outside the body. There are specific antibodies that match these antigens

Question 20

Antibiotic

Answer 20

Medication used to kill/stop bacteria

Question 21

Antibiotics & Medicine

Answer 21

Antibiotics can be bacteriastatic or bacteriocidal

Static- to STOP
Cidal- to KILL

Question 22

Vector

Answer 22

an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another

Question 23

Hybridoma

Answer 23

A hybrid cell used as the basis for the production of antibodies in large amounts for diagnostic or therapeutic use. Hybridomas are produced by injecting a specific antigen into a mouse, collecting an antibody-producing cell from the mouse’s spleen, and fusing it with a tumor cell called a myeloma cell

Question 24

Cancer cell

Answer 24

Cancer cells are cells that divide relentlessly, forming solid tumors or flooding the blood with abnormal cells. Cell division is a normal process used by the body for growth and repair

Question 25

Herd immunity

Answer 25

When most of the people in the community/population are immune to a particular infection (natural transmission is inhibited)
Herd immunity works in infections transmitted from person to person only