SBI 301 Paeds

Question 1

Infant Diameter of airways vs Adult

Answer 1

4mm for infants Vs 16 for adults

Question 2

An infant age is waht?

Answer 2

1 month to 1 year

Question 3

Small child age is?

Answer 3

1-5 years

Question 4

Child age is?

Answer 4

6-12 years

Question 5

Adolescent age is?

Answer 5

13-18

Question 6

1mm of swelling to an infant airway increases airway resistnace by?

Answer 6

16 times

Question 7

Whats the narrowest part of the upper airway

Answer 7

Cricoid ring

Question 8

Larync is higher in Children, this means what for forgien body

Question 9

SCIWORA is what

Answer 9

Spinal cord injury withou radiographic abnormality

Question 10

Explain SCIWORA

Question 11

What indicates resp failure

Answer 11

Infants become bradycardic when hypoxic therfore manage with O2 not atropine

Question 12

when do you commence resus for kids

Answer 12

HR > 60bpm and unresponsive and not breathing

Question 13

Paeds weight Calculation is?

Answer 13

(Age+4) * 2 = weight in KG

Question 14

Joules in cardiac arrest calculations

Answer 14

4jouls/kg

Question 15

Steps of a Paed resus

Answer 15

Danger
Response
Send
Airway
Breathing - No - 2 Breaths
CPR - 15-2
Defib 4J/KG

Question 16

Rhythm analysis/drugs for a paed in shockble rhythm

Answer 16

Shock @ 4j/kg
Adrenaline 10mcg/kg after 2nd shock than every 2nd
Amiodarone 5mg/kg after 3 shocks

Question 17

Rhythm analysis/drugs for a paed in Non-shockble rhythm

Answer 17

Dont Shock
Adrenaline 10mcg/kg immediatley then every 2nd shock

Question 18

What are the steps for the paediatric assessment

Answer 18

1. Scene safety
2. PAT
3. Primary Survey DRABCDE
   Any critical interventions
4. Secondary Survey
   History and Vital signs
5. Management and treatments
6. Differential and provisional diagnosis
7. Transport decision

Question 19

What are the three sides to the PAT

Answer 19

1. Appearance
2. Work of breathing
3. Circulation

Question 20

Describe TICLS

Answer 20

1. Tone- floppy lethargic or moving spontaneous.
2. Interactions- do they interact normally interested in objects and sounds or uninterested.
3. Consolabilty- can they be consoled or are they agitated
4. Look- make eye contact or vacant glazed stare.
5. Speech- sound strong and spontaneous or weak and muffled.

Question 21

Four things to look for in Work of Breathing

Answer 21

1. Listen for sounds, strider, wheeze grunt.
2. Patients position
3. Accessory muscle use.
4. Nasal flaring

Question 22

Three things to look for in circulation

Answer 22

1. Pale
2. Mottling
3. Cyanosis

Question 23

5 signs of respiratory distress

Answer 23

1. Intercostal retraction
2. Nasal flaring
3. Sternal retraction
4. Pallor
5. Tracheal tug

Question 24

Why do kids grunt to breath

Answer 24

Trying to generate PEEP to splint the alveolar.

Typically seen in pneumonia

Question 25

What is the ratio for CPR and what age does it change?

Answer 25

15:2 | Changes to 30-2 at 9 years

Question 26

Drug protocols for cardiac arrest in shockable rhythms

Answer 26

1. Adrenaline after second shock. Then every second shock - 10mcg/kg 1:10,000 2. Amiodarone after three shocks - 5mg/kg

Question 27

How do you calculate the Joules for peads

Answer 27

Joules = weight x 4

Question 28

Paediatric treatment of anaphylaxis is?

Answer 28

Position pt Adrenaline (1:100) 10mcg/kg every 5 minutes whilst indicated Oxygen target 94% Salbutamol Neb over 5= 5mg under 5= 2.5mg whilst indicated Fluids IV 20ml/kg Hydrocortisone IV 4mg/kg once

Question 29

Clinical manifestations of epiglottis

Answer 29

Fever 4-8 hours prior Acute onset of upper airway obstruction Lethargy Drooling Dysphagia

Question 30

What is the asthma treatment? | Both life threatening and non life threatening

Answer 30

O2- 94-98% Salbutamol- under 5= 2.5 mg over 5= 5mg whilst indicated Ipatropium Bromide- 2-6years 250mcg, max dose = 500mcg Life threatening start with Adrenaline- 10mcg/kg every five minutes Then as above

Question 31

Croup Manifestations

Answer 31

1 history of common cold 2. Low grade fever 3. Seel bark 4. Strider on inspiration

Question 32

What is treatment for severe croup

Answer 32

1. O2 94-98 2. Adrenaline - Neb - 500mcg/kg - every 30 minutes

Question 33

Seizure treatment whilst actively fitting

Answer 33

1. Protect Pt by removing objects 2. Consider backup 3. Consider cause. Eclampsia etc. 4. Midazolam - IM 0.15mg/kg - every 5 minutes - 0.45mg/kg max dose No contra indications.

Question 34

What things to find out with History taking of a seizure patient

Answer 34

1- Time of onset 2- Mechanism of injury 3- fever, aloc 4- past Med Hx 5-meds 6- Allergies

Question 35

Treatment of Hypoglycaemia

Answer 35

1- glucose get if able to swallow -entire tube 15grams If unable to swallow 2- glucose 10% -IV 0.2g/kg (2ml/kg) Repeat onec at 10 minutes. COnsult if not at 4mmol after 2nd bolus Glucagon

Question 36

Treatment for hyperglycaemia

Answer 36

1-administer compound sodium lactate - 10ml/kg - max dose 10ml/kg