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SBM Flashcards

(40 cards)

1
Q

whats on a liver screen

A
  1. autoimmune screen
    ANA
    LKM (anti liver kidney microsomal ab)
    SMA
  2. PBC
    AMA
  3. haemachromatosis
    ferritin
  4. Wilson’s
    copper, caeruloplasmin
  5. USS
6. viral Hep:
A - IgM
B - surface antigen
C - antibody
E - IgG, IgM
  1. a-1 antitrypsin
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2
Q

endogenous and exogenous pathways

A

draw

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3
Q

lipoprotein lipase vs hepatic lipase

A

LL: peripheries and muscle
- VLDL, chylomicrons

HL: liver, adrenal
- IDL, HDL, LDL

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4
Q

familial hypercholesterolaemia genetics

A

autosomal dominant

- LDLR, APOB, PCSK9

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5
Q

metabolic syndrome (5)

A
insulin resistance
visceral obesity
^TG
HTN
low HDL

kind of

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6
Q

stones treatment

A

K citrate for RTA and low urine citrate

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7
Q

amino acid disorders

A

cysteinuria > stones (transport)
phenylketonuria > ^phenylalanine, neuro problems. L-dopa, 5-HT (metabolic)
urea cycle defects (metabolic, ^NH3). reduce dietary protein, remove NH3, remove precursors, add intermediates, liver transplant

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8
Q

carbohydrate disorders

A

GSD-1. glycogen storage disease. glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (no gluconeogenesis, allopurinol for decreasing uric acid production, continuous feed)

galactosaemia (GALPUT-1 deficiency, jaundice, cataracts. galactose free diet)

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9
Q

organic acid disorders

A

MCAD (cant mobilise FFA/ ketones when low BM. give cartinine, avoid fasting, slow release CHO, riboflavin)

maple syrup urine disease

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10
Q

lysosome storage disorders

A
  • lipid storage disorders
  • neuroregression

treatment: enzyme replacement, liver transplant

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11
Q

mitochondrial disorders

A

brain, eye, heart, muscle problems
die young

pronuclear transfer pre implant

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12
Q

peroxisomal disorders

A
  • acculation VLCFA (adrenal glands and peripheral nerves)

treat: diet, marrow transplant

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13
Q

nephritic and nephrotic

A

draw the treee

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14
Q

4 phases of AKI

A

onset
oliguric
diuretic
recovery

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15
Q

type A VS B DHR

A

A:

  • dose dependant
  • predictable
  • ^morbidity, low mortality
  • related to pharmacology

B:

  • non dose dependant
  • independent of pharmacology
  • unpredictable
  • ^mortality
  • resembles an immunological reaction
  • may be IgE, or non-allergic DHR

(mast cell, T1 hypersensitivity)

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16
Q

drug test for anaphylaxis

A

tryptase

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17
Q

molecule on staph aureus for virulence

18
Q

anaphylaxis treatment

A
  1. adrenaline

2. oxygen, IV hydrocortisone, chlorpenamine, fluids

19
Q

CLL cells

20
Q

CLL therapy: 3x3

A
  1. chemotherapy
    - fludarabine
    - bendamustine
    - cyclophosphamide
  2. targeted therapy
    - ibrutinib
    - idelalisib
    - veneteclax
  3. targeted ab (CD20)
    - rituximab
    - ofatumumab
    - obinutuzumab
21
Q

measures of CLL prognosis

A

LDT

IGHV mutation status (germline

22
Q

chemical that helps apoptosis

23
Q

pro-apoptotic gene vs antiapoptotic

24
Q

maintains telomere length

25
EGFR encoded by
ERBb1, mutation leads to activation without EGF
26
Ras
loss of GTP-ase >> always on. 30% ca
27
syndrome caused by inherited p53 mutation
le fraumeni syndrome
28
gene for retinoblastoma
Rb
29
drug for BrCa1/2 mutations and class
cisplatin, PARPi
30
AML genetics
philichromosome 9, t9/22. forms bcr-abl oncogene. Treat imatinib
31
AML treatment
imatinib. binds bcr-abl binding site so it cant be activated
32
polycythaemia | thrombocythaemia
RBC | plateltes
33
__ promotes neurophil ^
G-CSF, injected pre transplant
34
AML signalling
JAK-2 via JAK-STAT pathway lead to polycythaemia vera, thrombocythaemia, 1" myelofibrosis >> AML
35
abx for neutropenic sepsis
tazocin + gent
36
lynch syndrome is autosomal ___
dominannt
37
erbb1 code for
EGFR (onc)
38
erbb2 code for
HER2 (brca, ^aggression and worse response to treatment) (onc). give Herceptin
39
ras
loss of GTP-ase >> ras bound constantly (onc)
40
BrCa1/2
TS. double strand breaks. cisplatin PARPi