SBM Flashcards
(40 cards)
whats on a liver screen
- autoimmune screen
ANA
LKM (anti liver kidney microsomal ab)
SMA - PBC
AMA - haemachromatosis
ferritin - Wilson’s
copper, caeruloplasmin - USS
6. viral Hep: A - IgM B - surface antigen C - antibody E - IgG, IgM
- a-1 antitrypsin
endogenous and exogenous pathways
draw
lipoprotein lipase vs hepatic lipase
LL: peripheries and muscle
- VLDL, chylomicrons
HL: liver, adrenal
- IDL, HDL, LDL
familial hypercholesterolaemia genetics
autosomal dominant
- LDLR, APOB, PCSK9
metabolic syndrome (5)
insulin resistance visceral obesity ^TG HTN low HDL
kind of
stones treatment
K citrate for RTA and low urine citrate
amino acid disorders
cysteinuria > stones (transport)
phenylketonuria > ^phenylalanine, neuro problems. L-dopa, 5-HT (metabolic)
urea cycle defects (metabolic, ^NH3). reduce dietary protein, remove NH3, remove precursors, add intermediates, liver transplant
carbohydrate disorders
GSD-1. glycogen storage disease. glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (no gluconeogenesis, allopurinol for decreasing uric acid production, continuous feed)
galactosaemia (GALPUT-1 deficiency, jaundice, cataracts. galactose free diet)
organic acid disorders
MCAD (cant mobilise FFA/ ketones when low BM. give cartinine, avoid fasting, slow release CHO, riboflavin)
maple syrup urine disease
lysosome storage disorders
- lipid storage disorders
- neuroregression
treatment: enzyme replacement, liver transplant
mitochondrial disorders
brain, eye, heart, muscle problems
die young
pronuclear transfer pre implant
peroxisomal disorders
- acculation VLCFA (adrenal glands and peripheral nerves)
treat: diet, marrow transplant
nephritic and nephrotic
draw the treee
4 phases of AKI
onset
oliguric
diuretic
recovery
type A VS B DHR
A:
- dose dependant
- predictable
- ^morbidity, low mortality
- related to pharmacology
B:
- non dose dependant
- independent of pharmacology
- unpredictable
- ^mortality
- resembles an immunological reaction
- may be IgE, or non-allergic DHR
(mast cell, T1 hypersensitivity)
drug test for anaphylaxis
tryptase
molecule on staph aureus for virulence
coagulase
anaphylaxis treatment
- adrenaline
2. oxygen, IV hydrocortisone, chlorpenamine, fluids
CLL cells
CD5+, CD19+
CLL therapy: 3x3
- chemotherapy
- fludarabine
- bendamustine
- cyclophosphamide - targeted therapy
- ibrutinib
- idelalisib
- veneteclax - targeted ab (CD20)
- rituximab
- ofatumumab
- obinutuzumab
measures of CLL prognosis
LDT
IGHV mutation status (germline
chemical that helps apoptosis
caspases
pro-apoptotic gene vs antiapoptotic
p-53, bcl-2
maintains telomere length
telomerase