SC3+4 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the 3 subatomic particles?
Protons (+1), neutrons (0), electrons (-1).
Where are protons and neutrons located?
In the nucleus
Why do atoms have no overall charge?
Number of protons = number of electrons (charges cancel out)
What does the atomic number tell you?
Number of protons (and electrons in neutral atom)
How do you calculate neutrons?
Mass number - atomic number
What element has atomic number 6?
Carbon
What are isotopes?
Atoms of same element with different neutron numbers
Give two properties of isotopes.
Same chemical properties, different physical properties (e.g., density)
Why do isotopes have identical chemical properties?
Same number of electrons/protons
How are elements arranged?
By increasing atomic number
What are the vertical columns called? (|)
Groups (similar chemical properties)
Why does atomic number increase across a period?
One more proton is added each time
What determines an element’s position?
Its proton number (atomic number)
How many electrons fill the first shell?
2
Why do elements in the same group have similar properties?
Same number of outer electrons
Compare metals vs. non-metals in the periodic table:
Metals: Left side, form cations
Non-metals: Right side, form anions
Why are noble gases unreactive?
Full outer electron shell (stable arrangement)
