Scap, Delt, Pec, and Axilla

Question 1

What is the Triangle of Auscultation?

Answer 1

Under trap/deltoid (armpit area) where there is less tissue, so it is easier to hear breathing sounds

Question 2

What are the components of the scapular anastomosis?

Answer 2

suprascapular artery, dorsal scapular artery, posterior intercostal arteries, circumflex scapular artery, and thoracodorsal artery

Question 3

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 3

SITS: Subscapularis, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Supraspinatus

Question 4

What provides the shoulder joint support by holding the humeral head in the glenoid cavity?

Answer 4

The rotator cuff muscles/tendons

Question 5

What is the most commonly injured rotator cuff tendon?

Answer 5

Supraspinatus tendon

Question 6

What ligament holds the long tendon of biceps brachii in the intertubercular groove?

Answer 6

Transverse ligament

Question 7

What vessels/structures transmit through Quadrangular Space?

Answer 7

the axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 8

What is found within the Triangular Space?

Answer 8

Circumflex scapular artery

Question 9

What is found within the Triangular Interval?

Answer 9

The deep brachial artery and radial nerve

Question 10

What innervates the breast?

Answer 10

The anterior and lateral branches of the 4th-6th intercostal nerves–and sometimes the supraclavicular nerve branches

Question 11

What attaches the dermis of the breast to the overlying skin?

Answer 11

Suspensory ligaments (also called Cooper’s Ligaments)

Question 12

What are the primary blood supplies to the breast?

Answer 12

Lateral thoracic artery (originates from the axillary artery) and the Internal thoracic artery (originates from the subclavian artery)

Question 13

Where does 75% of the lymph from the breast drain?

Answer 13

Into axillary lymph nodes (pectoral, central, and apical)

Question 14

The superficial fascia of the pectoral region contains what vessels/structures and unusual body feature?

Answer 14

It contains supraclavicular nerves, and the anterior and lateral branches of intercostal nerves

It also contains/gives rise to the platysma muscle

Question 15

The pectoralis minor is a landmark that splits what artery and into how many/what portions?

Answer 15

It splits the axillary artery into 3 portions (Part 1 is proximal/medial to P minor, Part 2 is at/behind P. minor, and Part 3 is distal/lateral to P minor)

Question 16

What are the primary venous return vessles in the arm?

Answer 16

Deep brachial veins and superficial veins (Basilic v. – turns into axillary and cephalic v. – drains into axillary)

Question 17

The part 1 (proximal/medial to P minor) branch of the axillary artery includes what vessel(s)?

Answer 17

superior thoracic artery

Question 18

The part 2 (at/behind P minor) branch of the axillary artery includes what vessel(s)?

Answer 18

thoracoacromial trunk –> pectoral, deltoid, acromial (clavicular) branches

Question 19

The part 3 (distal/lateral to P minor) branch of the axillary artery includes what vessel(s)?

Answer 19

The subscapular artery (gives rise to circumflex scapular artery and thoracodorsal artery)

The anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

Question 20

The Clavipectoral fascia becomes what structure and is pierced by what vessels?

Answer 20

The suspensory ligament of the axilla

Cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 21

Proximal attachment of Deltoid

Answer 21

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Question 22

Distal attachment of Deltoid

Answer 22

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 23

Actions of Deltoid

Answer 23

Flexes, medially rotates, abducts, extends, and laterally rotates humerus

Question 24

Blood supply of Deltoid

Answer 24

Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Question 25

Innervation of Deltoid

Answer 25

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Question 26

Proximal attachment of Teres major

Answer 26

Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

Question 27

Distal attachment of Teres major

Answer 27

Medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus

Question 28

Actions of Teres major

Answer 28

Adducts and medially rotates humerus

Question 29

Blood supply of Teres major

Answer 29

Circumflex scapular artery

Question 30

Innervation of Teres major

Answer 30

Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

Question 31

Proximal attachment of Serratus anterior

Answer 31

External surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-9

Question 32

Distal attachment of Serratus anterior

Answer 32

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Question 33

Actions of Serratus anterior

Answer 33

Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula

Question 34

Blood supply of Serratus anterior

Answer 34

Lateral thoracic artery

Question 35

Innervation of Serratus anterior

Answer 35

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Question 36

Proximal attachment of Supraspinatus

Answer 36

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Question 37

Distal attachment of Supraspinatus

Answer 37

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 38

Actions of Supraspinatus

Answer 38

Works with deltoid in abduction of humerus; acts with other rotator cuff muscles in stabilizing shoulder joint

Question 39

Blood supply of Supraspinatus

Answer 39

Suprascapular artery

Question 40

Innervation of Supraspinatus

Answer 40

Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

Question 41

Proximal attachment of Subscapularis

Answer 41

Subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula)

Question 42

Distal attachment of Subscapularis

Answer 42

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 43

Actions of Subscapularis

Answer 43

Medially rotates and adducts humerus; helps hold humeral head in place

Question 44

Blood supply of Subscapularis

Answer 44

Subscapular artery

Question 45

Innervation of Subscapularis

Answer 45

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

Question 46

Proximal attachment of Infraspinatus

Answer 46

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Question 47

Distal attachment of Infraspinatus

Answer 47

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 48

Actions of Infraspinatus

Answer 48

Laterally rotates humerus; helps hold humeral head in place

Question 49

Blood supply of Infraspinatus

Answer 49

Suprascapular artery

Question 50

Innervation of Infraspinatus

Answer 50

Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

Question 51

Proximal attachment of Teres minor

Answer 51

Middle part of lateral border of scapula

Question 52

Distal attachment of Teres minor

Answer 52

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 53

Actions of Teres minor

Answer 53

Laterally rotates humerus; helps hold humeral head in place

Question 54

Blood supply of Teres minor

Answer 54

Circumflex scapular artery

Question 55

Innervation of Teres minor

Answer 55

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Question 56

Proximal attachment of Pectoralis major

Answer 56

Clavicular and sternocostal attachments: anterior surface of medial 1/2 clavicle, anterior surface of sternum and superior 6 costal cartilages

Question 57

Distal attachment of Pectoralis major

Answer 57

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)

Question 58

Actions of Pectoralis major

Answer 58

Adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly (via clavicle); clavicular portion flexes humerus; sternal portion can extend humerus in flexed position

Question 59

Blood supply of Pectoralis major

Answer 59

Pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk

Question 60

Innervation of Pectoralis major

Answer 60

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5, C6 clavicular portion; C7, C8, T1 sternocostal portion)

Question 61

Proximal attachment of Pectoralis minor

Answer 61

3rd-5th ribs, near costal cartilages

Question 62

Distal attachment of Pectoralis minor

Answer 62

Coracoid process of scapula

Question 63

Actions of Pectoralis minor

Answer 63

Stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly and inferiorly against posterior thoracic wall

Question 64

Blood supply of Pectoralis minor

Answer 64

Pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk

Question 65

Innervation of Pectoralis minor

Answer 65

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1), usually pierced by this nerve

Question 66

Proximal attachment of Subclavius

Answer 66

Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

Question 67

Distal attachment of Subclavius

Answer 67

Inferior surface of middle 1/3 clavicle

Question 68

Actions of Subclavius

Answer 68

Anchors and depresses clavicle

Question 69

Blood supply of Subclavius

Answer 69

Clavicular branches of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Question 70

Innervation of Subclavius

Answer 70

Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)