SCHIZOPHRENIA Flashcards
(25 cards)
Give some first rank symptoms
- delusion
- delusional percept
- auditory hallucinations
- audible thoughts
- voices arguing or discussing
- voices commenting on the patient’s actions
- though disorder: passivity of thought, thought withdrawal/insertion/broadcasting
- passivity experiences/of affect/of impulse/ of volition
- somatic passivity
What is passivity phenomenon?
Not having a sense of control of your own movements or belief that other people are changing your emotions
- somatic = “rays controlling you”
What are the subtypes of schizophrenia?
Paranoid, hebephrenic and catatonic
In which type of schizophrenia is there child-like behaviour?
Hebephrenic
Which type of schizophrenia primarily affects motor?
Catatonic (increased tone at rest)
What are ideas of reference?
Seeing meaning in things that have no meaning eg. words spelled out in newspapers
How long does a psychotic episode need to last to class it as schizophrenia?
A month
What is first-line treatment of schizophrenia?
Second generation (atypical) anti-psychotics if side-effect profile is tolerated + CBT eg risperidone --> aripiprazole
Which drug is reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia?
clozapine
What are the serious side effects of clozapine?
agranulocytosis, neutropenia, neutropenic sepsis, death
Features in the brain
- ventricular enlargement
- reduced frontal lobe grey matter and volume
- reduced grey matter in the temporal cortex and medial temporal lobe.
What is flight of ideas?
when words are inappropriately associated due to meaning or rhyme
What is Knight’s move thinking?
when someone jumps between topics without there being a connection
What is circumstantiality?
an inability to answer a question without giving excess detail
What is a neologism?
a word or phrase that only means something to the patient
What is a delusion?
A fixed, false belief
What is derealisation?
When someone thinks the world isn’t real
Give some positive symptoms of schizophrenia
delusions, hallucinations, though disorders
Give some negative symptoms of schizophrenia
apathy, decreased volition, social withdrawal, cognitive impairment
Is it easier to treat positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
positive
How can you treat catatonia?
ECT and benzodiazepines
Good prognostic factors for schizophrenia
female
older onset
mood disturbance (personal or familial)
Poor prognostic factors for schizophrenia
going a long time without treatment
insidious, early onset
cognitive impairment
enlarged brain ventricles
What is a self-referential experience?
a belief that the environment is reacting to you
