Schizophrenia Therapies And Approaches

Question 1

CBT

Answer 1

Identify negative/irrational thoughts (delusions/hallucinations) , then with the help of the therapist discusses them which can help understand where symptoms come from & reduce fear of hallucination. Help patient to develop alternative beliefs and coping strategies

Question 2

CBT research

Turkington

Answer 2

CBT has a good effect on positive and negative symptoms of sz. Some aspects can be delivered by nurses in brief intervention programmes

Question 3

CBT research

Jauhur

Answer 3

Meta analysis 34 studies

CBT has a small but significant effect on positive and negative symptoms

Question 4

CBT research

NICE 2014

Answer 4

CBT - more effective than just meds

Helps improve social functioning, reduced hospitalisation for up to 18 months, effective when combined with meds

Question 5

Evaluation of CBT

Positive

Answer 5

improving quality of life - Psychological treatments aim to make a said more manageable CBT allows patients to make sense of and challenge some of the symptoms

Question 6

CBT Comparison with drug treatment

Answer 6

Found consistent evidence that when compare to drug therapy standard care (my medication alone) CBT was effective in addressing rehospitalisation rates up to 18 months from the end of treatment also effective in reducing symptoms severity and some evidence of improvement in social functioning. However it is hard to measure effectiveness.

Question 7

Evaluation of CBT

Negative

Answer 7

It’s very is an availability at haddock at out and found in Northwest England only 13 out of 187 randomly elective patients have been offered CBT for schizophrenia additionally there are economic implications Of those who are offered some don’t/won’t attend limiting effectiveness as not everyone has access

Question 8

CBT - Meta representation

Answer 8

Ability to reflect on thoughts and behaviour dysfunction of flexibility to recognise who is carrying out actions

Question 9

CBT - central control

Answer 9

Ability to suppress automatic responses so we can carry out deliberate actions dysfunction can lead to this organised because they cannot suppress other thoughts interrupting and triggering others

Question 10

Stirling et al

Support for CBT - faulty info processing

Answer 10

Found information processing is deafening schizophrenics your street test and schizophrenics 30 in controls 18 and schizophrenics took over double the length of time to process the activity

Question 11

Drug therapies

Answer 11

Antipsychotics- two types typical (chlorpromazine)and atypical (clozapine risperidone)
Blocks dopamine receptions in the synapses of the brain reducing the action of dopamine - atypical also affects serotonin and glutamate improve cognitive function

Question 12

Research support for drug therapies

Metlzer

Answer 12

Concluded that clozapine as well affected them both typical answers antipsychotics atypical antipsychotics effective in 30 to 50% of treatment resistant cases where typical antipsychotics have been ineffective

Question 13

Evaluation of drug therapies

Positive - research support

Answer 13

There is research support through thornely chlorpromazine associated with a lower relapse rate and better overall functioning in 13 of 1112 studies and meltzer

Question 14

Evaluation of drug therapies

Negative - chemical cosh

Answer 14

Ethical problems of control and harm associated with the use of drugs therapies as moritz et al self patient report - main subject of effect without a nanny on with your dampening emotion rather than treating symptoms, antipsychotics are used to make it easy for staff in hospitals to deal with patients rather than the benefit of the patient Moncrieff states that this can be seen as human rights abuse

Question 15

Evaluation of drug therapies

Negative - side effects

Answer 15

Tardive dyskinesia

Neural malignant syndrome

Question 16

Diathesis stress model

Answer 16

Underlying vulnerability (trauma or genes) and negative psychological experience leads to Sz
Both are needed for onset to occur

Question 17

Original diathesis stress model

Meel

Answer 17

Role of genetics - schizogene - would lead to the development of a biologically based schizotypal personality a characteristic is sensitivity to stress
Important stressors chronic stress through childhood
Schizophrenogenic mother

Question 18

Modern understanding

Read et al

Answer 18

Early trauma alters development of brain early and severe trauma can seriously affect many aspects of brain development - neurodevelopmental model hypothalamic pituitary adrenal system can become over active making a person vulnerable to later stress. Cannabis is a stressor increasing risk by 7 times