School Of Thought Theories Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the theories for anthropology (2)
Functionalism
Cultural materialism
Functionalism main ideas (2)
Cultures are set up to meet physical/psychological needs of members.
Every custom, practice, and institution needs to serve purpose to provide stability.
Functionalism examples (1) ADDICTION
ADDICTION— problems in society that aren’t meeting members needs leading to addiction
Cultural materialism main ideas (3)
Cultural change on 3 levels
INFASTRUCTURE— how people tend to basic needs of survival/ reproduction ( material, tech, economics, demographics)
STRUCTURE— how culture is organized (class, wealth, politics, law, family)
SUPERSTRUCTURE—ideology of culture (music, art, sports, belief, value, religion).
Cultural materialism Examples (3)ADDICTION
ADDICTION —
INFASTRUCTURE: healthcare over prescribing- feeds addicts
Structure: lack of resource due to class in social structure, wealth, or laws
Superstructure: addiction may alter values, beliefs and religions. Music and art can cause influence
Psychology theories (4)
Psychoanalytic Theory
Behaviourism
Cognitive psychology/ learning Theory
Humanism
Psychoanalytic (3)
- ID — impulse, pleasure, satisfaction (devil)
- Superego— prompts is to do moral thing(angel)
- Ego— attempts to balance and satisfy both (ref)
Psychoanalytic examples (PROSTITUTION)(3)
Id— impulse on physical pleasure
Ego— survival tactic
Superego— lack of well developed superego, doesn’t view as wrong
Psychoanalytic examples EATING DISORDER (3)
I’d- desire to eat/ look certain way
Superego- do what is healthy
Ego- chooses to over/under eat to satisfy id
Behaviourism main ideals (2)
Factors that motivate behaviour
Upbringing has life long influence on character
Behaviourism example PROSTITUTION (3)
Need for money
Forced to
Survival
Behaviourism example EATING DISORDER (1)
Need to look / feel certain way “perfect”
Cognitive Psychology/ learning theory main idea(3)
Study/control way we learn behaviour
Society’s influence on our learned behaviour
Most learned at childhood/adolescents
Cognitive/ learning examples
Eating disorder
(2)
Learn our eating habits through our parents from birth
Influenced by friends, celebrities, idols
Humanism main ideas (5)
Hierarchy of need :
Self actualization Esteem Love and belonging Safety and security Physiological needs
Humanism examples
Eating disorders (2)
Meet various levels of need through eating
Fix esteem and makeup for lack of physiological needs or others
Sociological theories (4)
Structural functionalism
Neo-Marxism/ conflict theory
Symbolic interactionism
Feminist theory
Structural functionalism main ideas
Each institution performs functions to meet needs of individuals
Each member perform specific jobs to meet eachothers needs
Social change upsets function
Structural functionalism example
Poverty/homelessness
Losing mean of survival (jobs)
Escaping bad family
Born into it
Social services unable to help
OVER ALL POOR FUNCTIONING OF INSTITUTIONS
Neo-Marxism/ Conflict Theory main ideas
5
Conflict/competition to gain economic power, be in control, better social class
Institutions maintain social division (rich stay rich)
Constant struggle for economic power/ for loss of economic power
AlwYs changing and not everyone can maintain control
Competition creates conflict
Conflict theory examples
Homeless/poverty
Those with economic power create system that keeps them rich at sake of lower classes
Poor don’t have power to make change
Symbolic interactionism main ideas (4)
What we observe and how we act
How we process and interpret what we observe
How u see ur self or believe other see u
“Me” true self and “I” displayed self
Symbolic interactionism examples
Homeless and poverty (2)
Being have it have not
Seen as lazy with bad work ethics when things may just be too expensive
Symbolic interactionism examples
Youth crime (3)
Want to be percoeved as cool and tough
Dominance and power
Fot in
