School practice: IEP, LRE, Mandates, CPSE ages, Tiers for interventions & SEL Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are early intervening services?
- services directed toward teacher & general ed class
- involves data collection from record review, from educational team members, families & observations
- should not be a formal assessment because there is no informed consent
Where are observations made for early intervening services?
Context– home, school, work
Multiple school contexts– lunchroom, classroom, gym
What is early intervening services NOT?
not an opportunity to bypass procedural safeguards in eval/intervention process
students can’t receive assessment or specialized intervention beyond general education strategies implemented by teachers at this stage
What is the purpose of the Least Restrictive Environment?
- support school participation
- mandates education be provided to extent possible with other students who don’t have disabilities
What is section 504?
Prevent discrimination or enable access to school environments
What is individualized education plan (IEP)?
specific plan developed for children or students with disabilities or specific special needs (3-21y/o)
What are the 6 principles of IEP?
○ Team works together to develop a plan
○ Showing that the student is receiving free and appropriate public education (FAPE)
○ Shows the vision of the student and family
○ Has the student in the SPED with peers without disabilities if possible (LRE)
○ Team ensures the goals are tied to the general curriculum of the school for the student of the same age and grade
○ Revisited on a regular basis within the year and necessary changes are made to improve
results
Who is eligible for special education (under an IEP)?
- Meets standard for service as a related service
- Meets criteria for special ed eligibility
- Required to support effective progress in schools
Goal: Free and appropriate public education (FAPE)
Who is eligible for special education (under section 504)?
- Meets the criteria for having a handicap that interferes with a major life
activity - Is required for the student to perform that major life activity
- Ensures equal access
Goal: prevent discrimination
What is the eligibility for OT in a public school setting?
● Disability must interfere with student’s participation in school activities
* Services provided by special ed personnel are not adequate to permit participation without related service of OT
What is the role of OT in school?
○ OT is member of the educational team
○ Team works under SPED law considering FAPE and LRE
○ Services are provided to address and enable participation NOT remediation
Largest Role = information sharing and consultation
○ provides the team with valuable information to help support the student’s participation in the LRE
○ OTPF is guide
What is the LRE mandate?
Mandates that education be provided to the maximum extent possible with other students who do not have disabilities
■ Least restrictive = regular class, most restrictive = residential
What is service provision under LRE mandate?
SPED classroom occurs only when the nature of severity of disability is such that even with supplementary aids and services, education cannot be satisfactorily achieved in the regular education environment
Students older than 16 who are on an IEP….
Prepare them for improved QoL as an adult
○ Self determination → student is involved in self advocacy
○ Areas of Focus
■ Independent living
■ Self care for work setting
■ Academics / continuing ed
■ Successful work
■ Recreation and leisure
■ Community integration and mobility
OT Role: LRE becomes the community
What is the response to intervention (RTI)?
○ Designed to be a method to prevent diagnosis of learning disabilities
○ Goal → decrease the number of special education referrals
○ Assumption→ the issue is a mismatch between the student learning style and
instructional method vs having a disability
What are the components of the RTI?
- High quality general education instruction
- Universal screening of all children’s learning needs
- 3 Tiered Approach to Instruction
What is the 3 tiered approach to instruction?
Tier 1: Core Instruction:Regular classroom, general ed teacher adapts classroom instructional strategies
Tier 2: Supplemental Instruction: Regular classroom w/ supplemental services (Push In). Those who
continue to not perform well academically benefit from small group general educational instruction
Tier 3: Intensive Individual Intervention May be required to be pulled out and engaged in activities or push in and be next to the child during table top activities. Students require individualized instruction. The SPED process is initiated at this stage
What is the OTs Role in RTI?
■ To use professional reasoning to support alternate general education strategies
■ To provide support to the teacher/team/system for adapting instructional approaches
■ At the highest tier, when individualized instruction is warranted, there may be OT intervention while the SPED process is initiated
■ It has not been adopted by every state, so districts may be different
GOAL is not to bypass the SPED process, but to prevent delay of services while the SPED procedure are put in place
(IEP is written to answer)
What does the student need to participate in the school environment
to make effective progress during this IEP year?
These participation goals are written to be measurable, observable, and achievable in one year (STG= 3-6 months)
During discharge– student meets annual goals & team asks….
■ Has the student met the participation needs AND is OT still essential to enable the student to make effective progress in school?
■ Can the teacher or primary service provider provide this service?
■ Is OT support required to enable this process
What are the ages & services?
■ CPSE (committee on preschool special education)→ 3-5 years
■ CSE (committee on special education) → 5-21 years
■ EI→ 0-3 years
■ IEP → 3-21 years
What is social-emotional learning (SEL)?
○ Refers to a wide range of skills, attitudes, and behaviors that can affect a students success in school and life.
○ Consider the skills not necessarily measures by tests but critical thinking, emotion management, conflict resolution, decision making, teamwork
How does SEL help children?
Helps child to better comprehend their emotions, feel emotions, and demonstrate empathy for others
What are the components of SEL?
- self-awareness
- self management
- social awareness
- relationship skills
- responsible decision-making
