Schwartz Feb 3rd

Question 1

waht are the approaches to any pathological lesion

Answer 1

1. establish dd

with blood tests

Question 2

TF

blood tests are rarely diagnostic

Answer 2

true

Question 3

if you use blood test, which two things do you screen for

Answer 3

parathyroid hormone level

prostate specific antigen (PSA)

Question 4

what markers of bone metabolism may be diagnosis

Answer 4

calcium

phosphours

alkaline phosphatase

Question 5

waht immunological biomarkers are elevated in cancer

Answer 5

HPV

CEA

EVB

AFP

Question 6

what are standard x ray and ct best for

Answer 6

bone pathlogy

Question 7

CT is best for

Answer 7

soft tissue structures

Question 8

3D CT good for

Answer 8

neurofibromatosis - benign disease a neurofibroma

Question 9

contrast studies

inject a radioopaque dye into a body cavity and is injected into ______

Answer 9

blood vessel [most common]

salivary duct

Question 10

why do you want to inject dye into the BV

Answer 10

outline

diagnosis

BVs

Question 11

whartons duct is attached to waht salivary gland

Answer 11

submandibular gland

Question 12

what general approach to any pathological lesion waht types of imaging are used

Answer 12

CT angiography

contrast imaging

MRI

Question 13

what is MRI best used for

Answer 13

soft tissue pathology

Question 14

TF

MRI shows bone marrow BUT NOT good for bone detail

Answer 14

true

Question 15

waht are the 3 types of MRI

Answer 15

T1 weighted scan

T2 weigthed scan

Contrast MRI

Question 16

which of the 3 MRI scans are the standard scan

Answer 16

T1 weigthed scan

Question 17

which MRI scan is used for fluid contrast like CSF fluid

Answer 17

T2 weighted scan

Question 18

for contrast MRI ____ is used to inject IV

and

increases vascular contrast

Answer 18

gadolinium

allows us to highlight brain tumors [helps stands out]

Question 19

TF

tumors tend to have a higher vascular flow

Answer 19

true

Question 20

what are the 3 types of scan?

Answer 20

PET

bone scan

White blood cell scans

Question 21

TF

scan are non specific you inject the pt with a pharamceutical and wait to be taken up by the body and some tissues are going to uptake more than others

Answer 21

true

Question 22

where does tracer uptake in areas of increased metabolic activity

Answer 22

tumors

infection

active growth

Question 23

what OFFICE PROCEDURE that may be preferable to open biopsy

Answer 23

fine needle aspriation

Question 24

fine needle aspiration

Answer 24

1. withdraw some blood
2. cells smeraed on glass slide
3. cytologist [pap smear]

Question 25

TF very rarely does fine needle aspiration have a diagnosis 2. can tell the difference bt benign and malignant

Answer 25

true true

Question 26

TF using fine needle aspriation can determine bt the cysts and solid

Answer 26

true cyst [syringe filled with cyst fluid] if tumor [will not fill the syringe]

Question 27

what do you need to do to get a definative diagnosis

Answer 27

biopsy then TREATMENT PLAN

Question 28

1. what biopsy takes a rim around the biopsy 2. if its a benign lesion you can take a diagnosis and biopsy at the same time

Answer 28

excisional biopsy

Question 29

what lesions are huge and require waht type of biopsy

Answer 29

incisional biopsy

Question 30

what lesion involves the entire tongue that you would use an incisional biopsy

Answer 30

verrucous vulgara

Question 31

this biopsy done RARELY on some face some exophytic lesions can be done with this

Answer 31

shave biopsy - amputate the surface if require extensive treatment you can go back in there

Question 32

what biopsy is rapid little scarring and no sutures

Answer 32

shave biopsy

Question 33

unique to the jaw are ____ bc only seen with jaw bones

Answer 33

odonotogenic lesions

Question 34

tumore like diseases aka metabolic bone disease of the jaw

Answer 34

fibrous dysplasia pagets disease ... ...

Question 35

most common benign jaw lesion

Answer 35

cysts

Question 36

what factors do you consider when planning treatment of cyst

Answer 36

size location aggressiveness need for reconstruction

Question 37

lower mandible thinning of the mandible [patholgical fracture, fracture that impacts normal function] impacts the teeth [if removed the pt would lose lots of teeth] impacts the inferior alveolar nerve

Answer 37

cyst

Question 38

what is the gold standard of treatment jaw cyst

Answer 38

enucleation

Question 39

since most since are encircled by fibrous capsule and not true cyst tissue it allows for removal around the fibrous capsule for removal TF

Answer 39

true

Question 40

what is enucleation

Answer 40

removal of a cyst in a single piece but depends on ...

Question 41

like incisonal biopsy could diagnosis and biopsy at the same time and can biopsy the entire lesion is waht

Answer 41

enucleation

Question 42

what location would make enucleation difficult for removal

Answer 42

posterior part of the maxilla

Question 43

curretage

Answer 43

cutting instrument to remove tissue BEYONd borders of the cyst

Question 44

currettage is good for and bad for

Answer 44

1. good: - decrease risk of recurrence with odontogenic keratosis - recurrent cysts 2. bad: increase

Question 45

marsupilization

Answer 45

creating a connection bt two body cavities: surgical window bt cyst and adjacent body cavity

Question 46

adjacent body cavity

Answer 46

oral cavity maxillary sinus nasal cavity

Question 47

indications for marsupilization

Answer 47

1. prevent: injury to adj sturctures devitalization of teeth 2. assit: eruption of teeth 3. difficul to surgical access 4. risk of pathologic fracture 5. medically compromised pt : short surgical procedure under LA

Question 48

TF can marsupulization be combo with enucleation

Answer 48

true

Question 49

for marsupilization you MUST have a reliable pt

Answer 49

true

Question 50

cyst going in the tumor walls

Answer 50

unicystic ameloblastoma

Question 51

waht is a fluid filled benign tumor

Answer 51

cyst

Question 52

treatment of choice for most jaw and has a FIBROUS CAPUSULE for tumors

Answer 52

enuceltion MUST BE fibrous capusule bc some tumors can erode into the bone and not good for enucleation

Question 53

waht is the mechnaical removal of tumor and is when you dont have a tumor with fibrous capsule

Answer 53

curettage

Question 54

most simple resection

Answer 54

segmental resection

Question 55

segmental resection

Answer 55

1. removal of geometic piece of tissue including tumor AND surrouding boen and soft tissues

Question 56

TF segmental resection is appropriate for aggresive tumor

Answer 56

true

Question 57

in the case of a tumor invloving the alveolar process of the mandible is called \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 57

marginal resection leave a margin of the lower border and jaw retains integrity

Question 58

TF can do marginal resection and not numb the pt by not cutting into the inferior alveoalr nerve

Answer 58

true

Question 59

when you cant leave the lower border intact waht is the type of resection

Answer 59

partial resection

Question 60

partial resection appropriate for __ tumore requires \_\_\_

Answer 60

large tumors reconstruction

Question 61

removal of tumor along with a porton of the jaw as to leave a gap

Answer 61

partial resection

Question 62

treatment of soft tissue lesions

Answer 62

simple surgical excision

Question 63

viral lesions may be managed with ____ or \_\_\_

Answer 63

chemcials heat

Question 64

why dont we want to use surgical excison to treat soft tissue lesions taht are virallly induced

Answer 64

can spread the virus

Question 65

vascualr lesions can be managed with 3 things

Answer 65

embolization laser coagulation camouflage