Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuro PT 2 > SCI > Flashcards

SCI Flashcards

1
Q

How is a level of SCI determined?

A

by the last intact mm group/dermatome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Key mm groups in SCIs

1) C1-4
2) C5
3) C6
4) C7
5) C8
6) T1

A

1) C1-4 diaphragm and sendory
2) C5 biceps
3) C6 wrist extension
4) C7 triceps
5) C8 finger flexors
6) T1 small finger adbductors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T2-L1= what kind of test

A

sensory level only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

L2

A

hip flexors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

L3

A

knee extensor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

L4

A

ankle DFs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

L5

A

long toe extensor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

S1

A

ankle PFs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

S2

A

sensory level again, + anal wink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

level of injury: motor level

A

lowest key mm with a grade of at least 3/5 (provided all mm before it was 5/5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

level of injury: sensory level

A

lowest normal dermatome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ASIA grade A

A

complete, no motor or sensory fxn is preserved in the sacral segments S4-S5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ASIA grade B

A

sensory incomplete- sensory but no motor fxn is preserved below the neurological level. Sacral segments S4 and S5 are intact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ASIA grade C

A

motor incomplete- motor fxn is preserved below the neurological level and mor than half of key mm fxns below the neuro level of Injury (NLI) have a mm grade less than 3/5.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ASIA grade D

A

motor incomplete- motor fxn is preserved below the NLI and at least half (so half or more)of key mm fxns below the NLI have a mm grade of >3/5, (3,4,5/5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ASIA grade E

A

Normal- normal- used in follow up of pts with SCI who initially had deficits. A pt who never had an initial SCI doesn’t get an ASIA grade.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the most common SCI

A

incomplete tetra, then complete para, then incomplete para then complete tetra (rare)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

anterior cord syndrome

A

still has: light touch, proprioception, deep pressure.

Missing: pain, motor fxn,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

central cord syndrome

CCS

A

UE weakness > LE weakness, sacral sensory sparing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

causes of central cord syndrome

A

hyperextension, hematoma or edema forming in the central aspect of the spinal cord (scorpion from ridiculousness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what tracks are spared in a central cord syndrome bc they are laterally located?

A

LE and sacral tracts of the spinothalamic and corticospinal tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

can a person with a complete SCI strengthen injuries

A

no…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is tenodesis

A

the hooking/flexed position of the fingers that allows them to grasp,hold things, don’t discourage or stretch this out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which pts usually need power chairs

A

C6 and above injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
ppl with this level of injury MAY be able to use a manual chair... just have to weigh the energy expenditure with the benefits...
C7-T1
26
what are common sites for skin breakdown if ppl don't get pressure relief
areas of bony prominences, problems when sitting and laying down
27
factors limiting activity tolerance in acute SCI
``` upright BP tolerance respiratory status (no abdominals to keep pressure/no intercostals) endurance pain clearing secretions ```
28
autonomic dysreflexia
bc these pts have autonomic instability, any noxious stimuli makes the autonomic NS freak out and their HR and bp go through the roof. Can cause cerebral hemorrhage or heart failure.
29
what happens in the skin of ppl with injuries to T8 and above?
thinning of epithelial layer, changes to the collagen and hyperhidrosis
30
wound stages | I:
intact skin with non-blanchable redness of a localized area usually over a bony prominence
31
wound stages II:
superfuicial ulceration that extends into dermis
32
wound stage III:
an ulcer that extends into subcut. tissue but not into mm
33
wound stage IV:
deep ulceration that extends through mm tissue down to the underlying bony prominence
34
unstageable wound
full thickness tissue loss in which actual depth of the ulcer is completely obscured by slough and or eschar in the wound bed
35
Deep tissue injury
purple or maroon localized ara of discolored intact skin or blood filled blister due to damage of underlying soft tissue from pressure and/or shear
36
is a rigid frame w/c or folding frame more energy efficient?
rigid frame- good for newbies
37
whats the best cushion for pressure relief
custom pressure mapped cushion
38
the higher the injury, the ________ it is to control BP and the _________ respiratory fxn
harder to control BP and the worse the resp. fxn
39
what is good for helping to maintain abdominal pressure at first?
abdominal binders
40
injury at C6-7= intact _________ but limited __________
intact diaphragm but limited intercostals
41
inc. difficulty weaning off the ventillator and may need tracheostomy if.....
hx of smoking pneumothorax infection
42
when does spasticity set in
after period of initial shock, will be flacid initially then may become spastic
43
what is neurogenic bladder?
bladder will not empty with voluntary control
44
hyporeflexive bladder
does not empty
45
hyper-reflexive bladder
empties too often
46
heterotrophic ossicifation
sudden limitation of ROM, bone begins to form in the mm tissue
47
s&S of HO
red, warm, swollen, painful, loss of ROM
48
management of HO
refer back to physician, medications needed, some ROM can be helpful but don't be too aggressive
49
what is the primary cause of autonomic dysreflexia for pts with injury at T6 or higher
bladder distention
50
symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia
``` headache sweating nasal congestion sustained penile erection hyperhidrosis above level of lesion paresthesias ```
51
causes of Auto. dysreflexia
``` bowel or bladder cutaneous lesions fractures intra-abdominal injury body positioning clothing/external irritants ```
52
what is the single most common cause of AD
blocked urinary catheter | **medical emergency**
53
what is neurogenic bowel
bowel will not empty with volitional control
54
assistance for neurogenic bowel
suppositories mini-enemas digital stimulation medications (stool softeners)
55
if a patient is having loose stools, should stool softeners
no because there may still be a bolus blocking and only the loose stuff around it is coming out.
56
who accounts for 80% of all SCIs
males
57
whats the leading cause of SCI in ppl over the age of 60?
falls
58
What are the 5 KU hospital spine precautions?
1) bed rest 2) do not elevate HOB 3) place in reverse trendelenburg at 30 degrees to avoid aspiration 4) log roll with 2 ppl 5) limit extremity movement to avoid spine movement
59
how is the level of injury defined?
by the last intact muscle group (3/5, with the previous ones being 5/5) and dermatome, NOT BY SPINAL FRACTURE
60
how much tilt do u need for pressure easing and then for true pressure relief?
35* for minimal drop in pressure, 65* of tilt for actual relief
61
who is at highest risk of skin breakdown ?
fair skinned ppl with poor nutrition who have more mm atrophy and are overweight (moisture control issues)
62
What is spinal shock?
all phenomena surrounding physiologic or anatomic transection of the spinal cord that results in temporary loss or depression of all or most spinal reflex activity below the level of the injury.
63
which nerve can provide a spinal cord-bypass pathway for vaginal-cervical sensation and can be activated to produce orgasm?
Vagus Nerve
64
What are the three primary goals of acute SCI patients?
>prevention of secondary complications >upright tolerance >education
65
whats a great way to prevent pneumonia and promote GI function with acute SCI patients
proper positioning and out of bed activities
66
how do u prevent contractures and skin breakdown
positioning and teaching pressure relief strategies
67
pay particular attention to what body part when avoiding contractures?
ankles- need to be able to place feet on foot rests
68
What are the S&S of postural hypotension?
light headedness, low BP, yawning, passing out
69
management of postural hypotension?
``` increase pressure: ace wraps TED hose reclining or cardiac chair meds abdominal binder ```
70
how does a pressure sore begin?
redness that doesn't go away in 20 min
71
when is a DVT most likely to occur
in acute SCI during flaccidity phase
72
S&S of DVT
warm, swollen, painful (if pt has sensation),
73
management of DVT
IVC filter, SCDs, meds, mobility
74
if face is red.... | if face is pale.....
red raise the head | pale raise the tail
75
What is syringomyelia
a progression of weakness proximal to the level of injury
76
management of syringomyelia
surgery
77
S&S of syringomyelia
change in level of function, unexplained decrease in motor function
78
u should assume that anyone with a hx of SCI may have________ and therefore u should be cautious with ____________
ostoporosis, PROM
79
proper wc positioning is key to prevention of what?
spinal deformities
80
why are spinal deformities so dangerous ?
eventually may cause respiratory complications
81
what is the regulation for ramps?
one foot of run for every inch of rise
82
when talking about level of injury, what is the neurological level?
highest of the motor or sensory levels on either side
83
how do u define "completeness" of injury?
presence or absence of rectal tone/sensation-->is there any motor or sensation below the level of injury?
84
what is brown sequard syndrome?
hemisection of the cord
85
S&S of brown sequard syndrome?
ipsilateral paralysis and loss of proprioception | contralateral loss of pain and temperatures
86
what type of injury is a cauda equina injury?
LMN= flaccidity
87
ppl with cauda equina injury have most probs with what?
bowel and bladder training
88
does the evidence support high dose steroid administration for SCI pts?
no

Neuro PT 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions