SCI1002 Biology Mod 10 Quiz

Question 1

Which organisms make their own food by absorbing energy from the sun through photosynthesis

Answer 1

Primary Producers

(Plants produce oxygen and glucose through the process of photosynthesis)

Question 2

Which of the organisms is the tertiary consumer?

The following is an example of a food chain from sagebrush to steppe ecosystem.

Sagebrush->Squirrel->Snake->Hawk

Answer 2

Hawk

(The Hawk is the tertiary consumer, or top-level predator)

Question 3

The energy within an ecosystem flows from the producers to the consumers. However, one important group of heterotrophs is the decomposers. What role do decomposers serve in an ecosystem?

Answer 3

They break down organic matter into nutrients for other organisms.

(Decomposers serve a critical role by breaking down organic matter and releasing nutrients into the ecosystem)

Question 4

In the tropical regions of Africa, the crocodile lies with its mouth open. A bird species, the Plover, flies into its mouth and feeds on bits of decaying meat stuck in the crocodile’s teeth. The crocodile doesn’t eat the plover. Which term best describes the interaction between the crocodile and the plover?

Answer 4

Mutualism

(Mutualism is when both organisms benefit. The crocodile benefits by getting his teeth cleaned, and the plover gets free food)

Question 5

What is the branch of biology that focuses on how organisms relate to one another and their surroundings?

Answer 5

Ecology

(Ecology is the study of how organisms relate to one another and their environment)

Question 6

The carbon cycle includes two main categories of processes. Some that release carbon into the atmosphere and some that act as carbon reservoirs. The diagram shows both major process categories and give examples of activities for both.

Which of these disruptions would cause an excess output in the carbon cycle?

Answer 6

Destruction of terrestrial biota

Question 7

What are two ways that precipitation moves through the water cycle?

Answer 7

Rain and Snow

Question 8

Which of the following interactions between organisms would be considered a commensalism relationship?

Answer 8

Remora fish attach to sharks and eat the scraps they leave behind.

Question 9

What is the role of nitrates in the Nitrogen cycle

Answer 9

It is used by plants for protein synthesis.

Question 10

Which of the following statements would be a consequence of a natural disaster that killed off most of the primary consumers in an ecosystem?

Answer 10

There would be a decrease in the population size of the secondary and tertiary consumers.

Question 11

The circulation of this life-sustaining element in various forms through Earth’s systems

Answer 11

Carbon Cycle

Question 12

The process where this gas is converted into usable forms as it circulates through Earth

Answer 12

Nitrogen Cycle

Question 13

Rain and weathering causing rocks to release phosphate ions and other minerals

Answer 13

Phosphorous Cycle

Question 14

This element being released from rocks and weathering that is taken up by plants from soil

Answer 14

Sulfur Cycle

Question 15

This compound cycling through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation

Answer 15

Water Cycle

Question 16

Community

Answer 16

Different populations that live in the same area

Question 17

Ecosystem

Answer 17

Community and its physical environment

Question 18

Population

Answer 18

Group of organisms from the same species that live in the same area

Question 19

Species

Answer 19

Group of similar organisms that produce fertile offspring

Question 20

Individual

Answer 20

A singe organism within the ecosystem

Question 21

Commensalism

Answer 21

One organism benefits, and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

Question 22

Competition

Answer 22

Two organisms vie for the same food source.

Question 23

Mutualism

Answer 23

Both organisms benefit

Question 24

Parasitism

Answer 24

One organism benefits, and the other is harmed.

Question 25

Predations

Answer 25

One organisms kills and eats another organism

Question 26

Compare and contrast a food chain and food web by explaining the differences and similarities. (Answer using complete sentences)

Answer 26

A food chain outlines and shows you who eats who, a food web shows all the good in an ecosystem.

Question 27

Which of the following would best describe the niche of a minnow?

Answer 27

Eats Algae and is eaten by larger fish in a pond.

Question 28

Which of the following would not be included in a description of an organisms niche?

Answer 28

Its color

Question 29

The diagram shows the cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem. The removal of which of the following groups would cause an immediate decrease in the amount of energy flowing throughk thge system?

Answer 29

Producers

Question 30

Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the tope of an energy pyramid?

Answer 30

Sharks - a tertiary consunmer

Question 31

The physical location of an ecosystem in which a given species lives is call a __________?

Answer 31

Habitat (A habitat is where an organism lives)

Question 32

A red squirrel has 40000kj of energy from organisms in the following food web. Which of the following statements best describes the transfer of energy between the red squirrel and the fox?

Answer 32

The fox will receive 400kj of available energy from the red squirrel. (10% of the energy transfers to the next trophic level)

Question 33

What percent of energy is available as you move up each trophic level?

Answer 33

10% (the 10% rule states that only 10-% of the energy moves up each trophic level)

Question 34

What is a linear sequence of energy transfer from one organism to the next?

Answer 34

Food Chain (Food chains are represented linearly, starting with the producer and ending with the top predator)

Question 35

Which of the following resources do plants NOT complete for?

Answer 35

Warmth

Question 36

A contest between organisms seeking the same resources is describing what concept?

Answer 36

Competition (Two species competing for the same resources is referred to as competition)

Question 37

Consumer

Answer 37

Organism that is a heterotroph

Question 38

Decomposer

Answer 38

Organism that decomposes organi material

Question 39

Producer

Answer 39

Organism that is an autotroph

Question 40

Apex predator

Answer 40

Organism found at the top of a food web

Question 41

Habitat

Answer 41

The place where an organism lives and grows

Question 42

Microbiome

Answer 42

A community of microorganisms that inhabit a specific environment

Question 43

Microhabitat

Answer 43

A small, specialized ecosystem within a larger environment

Question 44

Niche

Answer 44

The role an organism plays in a community

Question 45

Explain why no two species can occupy the same niche at the same time. Answer with complete sentences

Answer 45

Because they will fight for the same resources and over time it will just be a constant battle, they will fight for food water etc. meaning they can't live together in competition.

Question 46

What is a group of the same species living together in the same geograhic location called?

Answer 46

Population

Question 47

How does a positive population growth rate of humans in rural areas affect the environmental quality of the native ecosystem?

Answer 47

It creates additional waste in the ecosystem that lowers environmental quality.

Question 48

Which of the following examples describes climate?

Answer 48

Summers are usually hot and dry. (climates describe averages over long periods of time)

Question 49

What term describes the day-to-day changes in temperature, cloud cover, wind, and precipitation conditions?

Answer 49

Weather (weather describes DAILY changes on Earth)

Question 50

The climatron shows a graph of a tundra biome,. Which statement describes the factors included in the climatogram?

Answer 50

The climatogram shows the change in abiotic factors over the course of the year. (The climatogram shows precipitation and temperature, which are abiotic factors.)

Question 51

What terms describes the average weather conditions of a region?

Answer 51

Climate

Question 52

Which of the following factors does NOT influence a biome?

Answer 52

How many people live there

Question 53

Which of the following statements best describe age structure diagrams?

Answer 53

They are useful in predicting future trends in a population relating to age groups of males and females.

Question 54

When the environment has reached carrying capacity, which of the following conclusions can be made?

Answer 54

The growth and immigration is equal to the death and emigration rate.

Question 55

Which of the following correctly pairs biotic factors with an effect on the biophere?

Answer 55

Biotic factors would increase the number and variety of predators.

Question 56

Mullet are estuarine fish that feed on plankton and plant matter, Predators of the mullet include sharks, pelicans, and dolphins. The graph shows changes in the mullet population. What could explain the change in the mullet population over time?

Answer 56

The amount of aquatic plants in the area decreased.

Question 57

The graph shows changes in the human population over time. Which of the following statements would predict a consequence of these changes?

Answer 57

A decrease in the availability of natural resources

Question 58

In tropical regions, the crocodile lies with its mouth open, and the plover bird flies into its mouth to feed on bits of meat stuck in the crocodiles teeth. The crocodile doesn't eat the bird, and benefits from the tooth-cleaning. Which term best describes the relationship between the crocodile and the plover?

Answer 58

Mutualism (the croc benefits by getting its teeth cleaned and the plover benefits by getting a meal, this is an example of mutualism)

Question 59

Bats eat insects that damage crops and are vectors for disease. While nbats lhib ernate during the winter months, the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome (WNS) covers the bats face and wings. WNS hgas a 100% mortality rate. What is the relationship between bats and the fungus that causes WNS?

Answer 59

Parasitism

Question 60

What is the major cause of the greenhouse effect?

Answer 60

Gases in the atmosphere absorb and trap Earth's heat.

Question 61

Which of the following is a limiting factor in a population of organisms?

Answer 61

Availability of food.

Question 62

Parrotfish are herbivores that live in coral reefs. The parrotfish eat near rabbitfish, which have venomous spines, for protection. Which type of relationship exists between a parrotfish and a rabbitfish?

Answer 62

Commensalism

Question 63

A species of snapping turtle has a tongue resembling a worm that it uses to attract small fish. Which best describes the interaction between the fish and the snapping turtle?

Answer 63

Predation

Question 64

Which of the following interactions between organisms would be considered commensalism?

Answer 64

Remora fish attach to sharks and eat the scraps they leave behind. This benefits the Remora and is harmless to the shark.

Question 65

Age structure

Answer 65

The composition of a population in terms of age and gender

Question 66

Density and distribution

Answer 66

The measurement of organisms residing in a specific area

Question 67

Geographic range

Answer 67

The area where a species resides

Question 68

Growth rate

Answer 68

The increase or decrease of a population

Question 69

Commensalism

Answer 69

A relationship where one organism benefits, and the other organism is neither helped nor harmed

Question 70

Mutualism

Answer 70

A relationship where both organisms benefit

Question 71

Parasitism

Answer 71

A relationship where one organism benefits and the other organisms is harmed

Question 72

Desert

Answer 72

Has few plants and receives less than 25 cm of rainfall per year.

Question 73

Grassland

Answer 73

Has seasonal rainfall and grasses that continue to grow after grazing

Question 74

Taiga

Answer 74

Has dense evergreen coniferous forest and long, cold winters

Question 75

Temperate forest

Answer 75

Has cone bearing and leaf bearing trees, and the trees lose their leaves during the winter.

Question 76

Tropical Rainforest

Answer 76

Has the largest number of plant and animal species on Earth.

Question 77

Tundra

Answer 77

Has a permanent frozen layer, and moss grows there

Question 78

How are weather and climate similar? How are they different? Answer using complete sentences

Answer 78

Weather and climate are similar because they both have to do with weather they are just on different time frames. Climate and weather both have to do with it it rains, temperature etc.

Question 79

A developer want to build ma hotel along the Indian River Lagoon estuary in Florida. What impact would this most likely have on the estuary?

Answer 79

Loss of breeding and nursery grounds for marine species.

Question 80

Which of the following statements is the most accurate reason why freshwater biomes are important?

Answer 80

They supply freshwater to support life on Earth

Question 81

Which biome has soil that is covered with a thin layer of water and contains grasses that grow in the spongy soil?

Answer 81

Wetlands

Question 82

Which biome has soil that is covered with a thin layer of water and contains grasses that grow in the spongy soil?

Answer 82

Wetlands

Question 83

Coral reefs and kelp forests are found in the coastal ocean. Why is the coastal ocean more productive than the open ocean?

Answer 83

Land runoff provides a source of nutrients

Question 84

Why are estuaries important

Answer 84

They provide breeding and nursery grounds for marine organisms

Question 85

Estuary

Answer 85

This ecosystem occurs where freshwater flows into oceans

Question 86

Lake

Answer 86

This ecosystem is a basin filled with freshwater that is surrounded by land

Question 87

River

Answer 87

This ecosystem begins underground or from mountain snow melt and flows s

Question 88

Wetland

Answer 88

This ecosystem occures where water covers a layer of soil for at least part of the year

Question 89

Benthic Zone

Answer 89

The zone experiences extreme pressure and frigid temperatures and there is no light

Question 90

Intertidal Zone

Answer 90

This zone experiences changes in water level during high and low tide.

Question 91

Neritic Zone

Answer 91

This zone receives nutrients from the land and extends over the continental shelf

Question 92

Pelagic Zone

Answer 92

This zone makes upn over 90% of the world's oceans and ranges from 200-10,000 m deep.

Question 93

Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems health and the services the ecosystem provides? Provide a specific example using complete sentences.

Answer 93

Biodiversity is essential for the processes that support all life on Earth, including humans.