scie volcano

Question 1

The word ‘volcano’ comes
from the island _____ which is a volcanic island in

Italy.

Answer 1

Vulcano

Question 2

This is the outer layer of the
earth. It varies in thickness
from 0 – 60km thick. It is not
even and is made up of pieces
which overlap to cover the
entire planet. These pieces are
called ‘tectonic plates’.

Answer 2

The Crust

Question 3

is approximately
2897km thick and is made of
a solid, rocky substance
called molten rock or
magma. This is what
escapes when a volcano
erupts.

Answer 3

The Mantle

Question 4

is a liquid layer
made out of molten iron and nickel.
This liquid metal creates the earth’s
magnetic field.

Answer 4

The Outer Core

Question 5

This is a solid layer and is made of
iron and nickel. It is the hottest
part of the earth and can reach
temperatures of up to 5500oC!

Answer 5

The Inner Core

Question 6

a volcano that has erupted recently, and there is the possibility
that it may erupt again.

Answer 6

Active

Question 7

one that has not erupted for a long time, however, it may
still erupt in the future.

Answer 7

Dormant

Question 8

one which has erupted
thousands of years ago, but it will
probably never erupt again.

Answer 8

Extinct

Question 9

The movement causes ___
which causes earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions near the edges of
the plates.

Answer 9

friction

Question 10

A cloud of ash. It is
formed by volcanic
explosions

Answer 10

ash cloud

Question 11

The mouth of a volcano. It
surrounds the vent.

Answer 11

crater

Question 12

The entrance of a
volcano. It ejects lava
and volcanic ash.

Answer 12

throat

Question 13

A large underground pool
of liquid rock found
beneath the surface of the Earth

Answer 13

magma reservoir

Question 14

An underground
passage which magma
travels through.

Answer 14

conduit

Question 15

An opening in the
surface of the Earth
through which volcanic
materials, such as
magma, can escape.

Answer 15

vent

Question 16

is an important material
in a volcanic activity. Volcanic
eruptions are influenced by the
type of magma, which also
influences the resulting type of
cone formed.

Answer 16

Magma

Question 17

Different Types of Magma

Answer 17

1. Basaltic
2. Andesitic
3. Granitic

Question 18

Types of Eruption

Answer 18

●Phreatic
●Vulcanian
●Strombolian
●Pelean
●Phreatomagmatic
●Plinian

Question 19

Hazards Posed by Active Volcanoes

Answer 19

●Blasts
● Dome growth
●Gases
● Lahar flow
●Pyroclastic flow
●Pyroclastic surges
● Tephra falls
(fragments of rock)
● Tsunami

Question 20

driven by steam produced when groundwater is heated due to an underlying heat source.

Answer 20

Phreatic

Question 21

Results from the release of large quantities of accumulated magmatic gas

Answer 21

Vulcanian

Question 22

Egg shaped

Answer 22

Strombolian

Question 23

ejection of magmatic gases and steam produced by the conversion of groundwater to steam by ascending magma

Answer 23

Phreatomagmatic

Question 24

Occurs when gas-rich pasty lava accumulates and forms a dome on the volcano edifice or beneath its surface

Answer 24

Pelean

Question 25

the release of gas-rich siliceous magma is commonly accompanied by the collapse of the top of the volcanic cone or by the collapse of a broader region

Answer 25

Plinian

Question 26

Types of volcano

Answer 26

composite cone cinder cone shield volcanos

Question 27

Form by less viscous basaltic lava flows

Answer 27

shield volcanos

Question 28

built from ejected lava fragments

Answer 28

Cinder cone volcanos

Question 29

produced when viscous lava of andesitic composition flows out over a long time.

Answer 29

Composite cone volcanos

Question 30

is the fast movement of a turbulent mass of fragmental volcanic materials (ash and rocks) mixed with hot gases down the slope at speeds of more than 60 km/h. The high temperature of pyroclastic flows can burn everything along their path.

Answer 30

Pyroclastic flow

Question 31

is a streamlike flow of incandescent, molten rock materials erupted from a volcano. Areas that are buried by lava flow will be unusable for long periods of time as the lava solidifies.

Answer 31

Lava flow

Question 32

is a shower of fine-to coarse-grained volcanic materials and other airborne products of a volcanic eruption. Ashfall distribution or dispersal is dependent on the prevailing wind direction. When inhaled, these fine ash particles can cause respiratory problems. The accumulation of ashfall can result in the collapse of residential roofs.

Answer 32

Ashfall, or tephra fall

Question 33

s a rapid-flowing thick mixture of volcanic material and water, usually created along river channels by extreme rainfall. Its deposits can bury areas with volcanic debris several meters thick.

Answer 33

Lahar

Question 34

refer to the high-temperature mixture of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen fluoride released into the atmosphere. Volcanic gases are harmful to health.

Answer 34

Volcanic gases