scienc

Question 1

Generally rocky and irregularly shaped celestial objects formed 4.6 billion years ago from the remnants of the formation of the solar system.

Answer 1

Asteroids

Question 2

Also known as chondrite, mostly made of clay and silicates

Answer 2

C-type Asteroids

Question 3

means stony, usually rocky and generally made up of nickel, iron, and other silicates

Answer 3

S-type Asteroids

Question 4

means metallic, usually made up of pure nickel and iron

Answer 4

M-type Asteroids

Question 5

Classification of Asteroids (Composition)

Answer 5

C type asteroids
S type asteroids
M type asteroids

Question 6

Asteroids belt, located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

Answer 6

Main Belt

Question 7

Asteroids located near Jupiter Lagrange

Answer 7

Trojans

Question 8

Asteroids that pass near Earth

Answer 8

Near-Earth Asteroids

Question 9

Classification of Asteroids (Location)

Answer 9

Mainbelt
Trojans
Near-earth asteroids

Question 10

Also known as dirty snowballs, are made up of frozen gases, rock, and dust

Answer 10

comett

Question 11

Solid and known as the central part of the comet. Made up of rock, dust, and frozen gases

Answer 11

• Nucleus

Question 12

Envelope or cloud around the nucleus that forms when gases in the nucleus sublimate due to the sun

Answer 12

• Coma

Question 13

Created by radiation and solar wind pushing dust particles away from the coma

Answer 13

• Tail

Question 14

Believed to come from the Oort Cloud (Named after Jan Oort, found at the outermost part of the solar system)

Answer 14

• Long-Period Comets

Question 15

Believed to come from the Kuiper Belt (Located near the orbits of Neptune up to Pluto and beyond)

Answer 15

• Short-Period Comets

Question 16

Classification of Comets

Answer 16

Long period Comets
Short pperiod comets

Question 17

Debris that are usually rocky and metallic in nature that orbit the solar system

Answer 17

Meteoroids

Question 18

Often called shooting stars is created when a meteoroid enters the atmosphere and burns up, creating a streak of light.

Answer 18

Meteor

Question 19

Meteoroids large enough that reach the surface of the Earth

Answer 19

Meteorites

Question 20

Pure substance made up of only one kind of atom

Answer 20

Element

Question 21

Combination of two or more elements

Answer 21

Compound

Question 22

Observable characteristic that describes an object or substance

Answer 22

Property

Question 23

Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition

Answer 23

• Physical Properties

Question 24

Properties of matter that depend on the amount of matter, volume, mass, size, weight, and length

Answer 24

• Extensive Properties

Question 25

Observable changes in the physical property of matter while not changing into a new substance

Answer 25

* Physical Changes

Question 26

Involves chemical reactions that result in the formation of new substances or products

Answer 26

* Chemical Change

Question 27

Ability of a substance to undergo chemical changes to become a different kind of matter

Answer 27

* Chemical Property

Question 28

– has a definite volume and a distinct shape given a certain temperature

Answer 28

Solid

Question 29

Has a definite volume, but takes the shape of its container

Answer 29

Liquid

Question 30

Has no definite volume and shape

Answer 30

Gas

Question 31

Super heated gas. This happens through ionization

Answer 31

Plasma

Question 32

Super-cooled gas; the opposite of Plasma

Answer 32

Bose-Einstein Condensate

Question 33

Reversible physical change that makes the phase of matter change due to the absorption or the release of heat

Answer 33

Phase Change

Question 34

Solid to Liquid

Answer 34

* Melting

Question 35

Liquid to Solid

Answer 35

* Freezing or Solidification

Question 36

Liquid to Gas

Answer 36

* Vaporization or Evaporation

Question 37

Gas to Liquid

Answer 37

* Condensation

Question 38

Solid to Gas

Answer 38

* Sublimation

Question 39

Gas to Solid

Answer 39

* Deposition

Question 40

Considered the smallest particle of matter

Answer 40

Atom

Question 41

gave birth to the idea of an atom

Answer 41

Democritus

Question 42

means “something that cannot be broken down any further

Answer 42

Atomos

Question 43

Believied that matter was made up for four natural elements (Fire, Water, Air, and Earth)

Answer 43

Aristotle

Question 44

Proposed the first atomic theory, which he wrote in his book A New System of Chemical Philosophy

Answer 44

John Dalton

Question 45

Particle smaller than an atom in which scientists used experimental observations to establish its existence

Answer 45

Subatomic Particle

Question 46

Negatively charged subatomic particles, discovered by J.J. Thomson

Answer 46

* Electron

Question 47

Positively charged subatomic particles, discovered by Ernest Rutherford

Answer 47

* Proton

Question 48

Neutrally charged subatomic particle

Answer 48

* Neutron

Question 49

– Proposed by J.J. Thomson; states that the atom is a positively-charged sphere filled with negatively charged particles (electrons)

Answer 49

Plum Pudding Model

Question 50

Proposed by Ernest Rutherford; state that the atom consists of the nucleus with a proton inside it, surrounded by electrons

Answer 50

Nuclear Model

Question 51

Proposed by Niels Bohr; Proposes the electrons move around the nucleus in orbits known as energy levels

Answer 51

Planetary Model

Question 52

Equivalent to the number of protons in its nucleus

Answer 52

Atomic Number –

Question 53

Combined number of protons and neutrons in an elements nucleus

Answer 53

Mass Number

Question 54

Electrically charged atoms

Answer 54

Ions

Question 55

Atom that gains an electron, thus being negatively charged

Answer 55

Anion

Question 56

Atom that loses an electron, thus being positively charged

Answer 56

Cation

Question 57

Pictorial representations of the electrons in an atom

Answer 57

Orbital Diagrams

Question 58

– A lower energy orbital should be filled first before the next higher energy orbital

Answer 58

Aufbau Principle

Question 59

No two electrons can have exactly the same set of quantum numbers

Answer 59

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 60

Every orbital of the same energy must be singly occupied with one electron before any orbital is doubly occupied

Answer 60

Hund’s Rule