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Science Moving things book pages 3-61 > science 1 63 add thru 71 > Flashcards

science 1 63 add thru 71 Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

machine

A

a device that helps you do work more easily with it than without it.

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2
Q

model

A

a way of representing something in the world to learn more about it.

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3
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter in an object.

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4
Q

criteria

A

goals that must be satisfied to successfully achieve a challenge.

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5
Q

constraints

A

factors that limit how you can solve a problem

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6
Q

force

A

a push or pull resulting from an objects interaction with another object.

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7
Q

newton

A

a unit to measure force

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8
Q

balanced forces

A

forces that are equal in size and opposite in direction. Balanced forces do not result in any change in motion.

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9
Q

unbalanced forces

A

forces applied to an object in opposite directions that are not equal in size. unbalanced forces result in a change in motion.

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10
Q

friction

A

the force that opposes the motion or tendency toward motion of two objects that are in contact

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11
Q

gravity

A

a pull between two objects for example between an object and earth.

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12
Q

inertia

A

the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion

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13
Q

acceleration

A

the rate at which the speed and direction (velocity) an object is moving changes.

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14
Q

simple machine

A

a machine with few or no moving parts.

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15
Q

inclined plane

A

a sloping surface connecting a higher level to a lower level.

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16
Q

trade-off

A

giving up one thing in exchange for another.

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17
Q

mechanical advantages

A

the amount a machine increases the force applied to an object. as a tradeoff the distance that the object must be moved is increased.

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18
Q

work

A

when a force acts on an object and the object moves a distance in the direction of the force then work has been done

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19
Q

How can a machine change a force? EXample

A

incline plane, the wedge and the screw (reduce the force needed to move an object.
PULLEY - used to raise and lower a flag
LEVER - is show by a seesaw on the playground.

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20
Q

Lever

A

a simple machine made up of a rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point (fulcrum). seesaw teeter-tauter.

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21
Q

fulcrum

A

fixed point or pivot point on the lever (seesaw)

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22
Q

rigid

A

stiff

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23
Q

load

A

the object that is being moved, or the resisting force.

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24
Q

What were the first 2 machines used ?

When?

A

Levers and incline planes.

First use can be traced back to 5000 BCE

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25
The tendency of an object to resist motion is called
inertia
26
A machine with few or no moving part is called ?
simple machine
27
Name two examples of an incline plain
screw and wedge
28
incline plane
a sloping surface connecting a higher and lower level surfaces.
29
newton
a unit toure force
30
newton 1st law of motion?
the state of motion of an object DOES NOT CHANGE as long as the NET FORCE acting on the object is ZERO LAW #1 = ZERO
31
Newton' 2nd law of motion?
The ACCELERATION of an object is equal to the net force action on it, DIVIDED by the objects mass. LAW #2 = ACCELARATION & DIVIDED.
32
Newton's 3 rd law of motion?
Force always occur in EQUAL and OPPOSITE PAIRS between to objects LAW#3 = EQUAL, OPPOSITE, PAIRS
33
Draw a force diagram for a book sitting on a desk with balanced forces on the sides.
describe your drawing
34
criteria
goals that must be satisfied to successfully achieve a challenge
35
if you push an object and it moves 5 feet we know .......
the forces are unbalanced
36
The force that causes an object to move is called
propulsion force
37
velocity
speed + distance
38
describe 2 kinds of acceleration
peddling a bike faster driving 20 miles an hour on your go cart and putting on the brakes remember turning too can change acceleration.
39
Elastic potential energy
is the energy stored in elastic materials as a result of their stretching or compressing.
40
kinetic
is the energy of motion (any direction)
41
gravitational potential
energy is ... energy stored in an object as the result of is vertical position.
42
potential energy
is the stored energy of position possessed by an object | like a bow (bow and arrow) pulled back ready to fire.
43
The act or changing positions is called
MOVING
44
Factors that limit how you can solve a problem are called
constraints
45
What law states for every action/force there is an equal and opposite reaction or force
Newton's 3rd law
46
type of simple machine that has a rope around a wheel is called a
pulley
47
Which law states an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion until acted upon by an outside force
Newtons 1st law of motion
48
what is a unit to measure FORCE
newton
49
WHAT CAN CAUSE A OBJECT THAT IS MOVING TO SLOW DOWN OR TURN OR STOP
ANY OUTSIDE FORCE
50
A hockey stick is what kind of lever?
third class
51
what law states an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the object
Newtons 2nd law
52
A machine changes the __________ OR _____________ of a force that can be applied to an object.
amount and direction remember force amount direction FAD
53
What type of machine is a modified inclined plane
WEDGE
54
Energy
the ability to make something move
55
Speed
distance divided by time
56
volume
the amount of space something takes up. | like length x width x height.
57
simulation
the imitation of a real process - | like a flight simulator for a pilot to practice flying
58
Motion
the act or process of moving over time remember moving is changing positions but motion includes time motion has a T in it that will help you remember time
59
upward force
is any force that counteracts the force of gravity. | buoyancy (floating in a pool) is an example of upward force.
60
reference point
.
61
coast
to move without being continuously pushed and pulled
62
chassis
Is the frame and wheels of a vehicle. chassis supports the engine and load of the vehicle
63
Axel
Wheels of the car are connected by the axel
64
bearings
looks like a straw goes around the axel and lets the wheels rotate
65
reference point
a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.
66
frame of reference
is the position you are viewing from - on the ground or from the top of a 10 story building.
67
propulsion force
a push or pull that causes an object to move
68
Which way did you wind the propeller?
Counter-clockwise which made it move forward If you wind it clock-wise it would go backwards
69
Air resistance
the opposition of the atmosphere to forward movement.
70
What force made the coaster cars move
coast ???
71
What made the propeller cars move
propulsion force
72
Type of energy that is stored is
potential energy
73
temperature
is how hot or cold something is
74
A magnet that runs on electricity is an
electromagnet
75
Energy transferred through vibrations is
sand
76
Energy of moving electric charges is
electric energy
77
Visible energy that is given off by some objects in the form of radiation is
Light ??
78
Geothermal Energy
energy derived from the heat of the earth
79
Two types of circuits
series and parallel
80
What is the formula for speed
Speed = Distance/time
81
positive and negative acceleration
+ is when you are speeding up | - is when you are slowing down
82
Explain what a mechanical advantage means
When a machine can help you do something easier
83
a machine with few or no moving parts is a
simple machine
84
tendency of an object to resist change in motion is called
inertia
85
forces that are equal in size and opposite directions
balanced
86
forces that to an object in opposite directions that are not equal in size
unbalanced
87
round shaft connecting wheels
axel
88
the part of a vehicle that help the wheels move freely
bearings
89
T or F | the frame and the wheels are called the chassis
TRUE
90
T or F | Motion is nothing more than the change in the position of an object over time
True
91
T or F | Propulsion force is the measure of how fast an object is traveling
False!
92
T or F | Friction is always preset and resists the intended change in motion
False
93
What can and will cause an object that is moving to slow or turn or stop
gravity friction any outside force

Science Moving things book pages 3-61 (1 decks)

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