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SCIENCE Flashcards

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1
Q

Is coined form the words, biological diversity.

A

Biodiversity

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2
Q

Usually, scientists would prefer to three levels of biodiversity name:

A

Species diversity
Genetic diversity
Ecosystem diversity

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3
Q

The different kinds of organisms.

A

Species diversity

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4
Q

Genetic information that organisms contain.

A

Genetic diversity

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5
Q

Different kinds of places where organisms live and the interconnection that bind these organism together.

A

Ecosystem diversity

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6
Q

There __________ known species of organisms

A

13 billion

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7
Q

Only _______ all organisms that ever lived

A

5%

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8
Q

> is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities.
is also known as taxonomy

A

Classification

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9
Q

> Are scientist that identify and name organism.

> biologist who specialize in identifying and classifying life on our planet have named 1.7 species so far

A

Taxonomists

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10
Q

Scientists estimate that there are between ______ and ______ species or organisms on earth.

A

3 million and 100 million.

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11
Q

Have named _________ species so far.

A

1.7 million

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12
Q

Each year, about _______ new species are added to the list of known organisms

A

13,000

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13
Q

Discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name.
I’m other words, naming things.

A

Taxonomy

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14
Q

2000 years ago, ________ (__________)

Was the first taxonomist.

A

Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC

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15
Q

He divided organisms into plants and animals.

A

Aristotle

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16
Q

He classified organisms by their structure.

A

Carolus linnaeus (1707 - 1778)

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17
Q

He created the system of naming we use

A

Carolus linnaeus

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18
Q

Carolus linnaeus classification systems includes _______

A

7 levels.

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19
Q

“Bi” means

A

2

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20
Q

“Nomial” means

A

Naming

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21
Q

Nomenclature means

A

“The system of naming”

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22
Q

Each species is assigned a _______ scientific name

A

Two-part

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23
Q

7 levels of classification

King 
Philip
Came 
Over
For
Good
Spag
A 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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24
Q

Largest taxonomic group consisting of closely rated phyla

A

Kingdom

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25
Group of similar families
Order
26
Group of closely related classes
Phylum
27
Group of similar orders
Class
28
> Groups of closely related species that share common. | > is a group of closely related species.
Genus
29
Group of genera (genus) that share many characteristics
Family
30
> Group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. > Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
Species
31
If these three species belong to the same genus, they are descended from common ancestor.
Genus species
32
Two forms of life are
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic
33
Refers to the largest groups in the classification of life.
Domain
34
Three agreed groups at this level. (In domain)
Archaea domain Bacteria domain Eukarya domain
35
Is a toxonomic rank that is composed of smaller groups called phyla or divisions.
Kingdom
36
6-kingdom system of classification includes Kingdoms:
``` Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia ```
37
The domain eukarya is divided into 4 kingdoms:
Fungi Plants Protista Animalia
38
The most diverse and widespread among the prokaryotes.
Kingdom eubacteria
39
Kingdom eubacteria have a special layer of sugar and amino acids in their cell wall. This layer is called
Peptidoglycan
40
Three General types of bacterial shapes:
Cocci - spherical bacteria Bacilli - rod-shaped bacteria Spirilla - spiral-shaped bacteria
41
Archaeans were first discover in
1983
42
They’d re believed to be the oldest life form on the earth.
Kingdom archaea
43
(Salt lover) Thrive in extremely salty environment such as salt lakes, seawater, evaporating ponds, and brine sulotions.
Extreme halophiles
44
That release methane, a bubbling gas, as a waste product. They survive in swamps, hots spring, sewage, and freshwater marshes, as well as intestinal tracts of human and ruminants.
Methanogens
45
(Heat lovers) live in very hot temperature, usually at 100 degrees Celsius.
Extreme thermophiles
46
The most primitive but the most diverse among unicellular eukaryotic organisms.
Kingdom Protista
47
Plants are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are all autotrophic (capable of producing their own food by the process off photosynthesis, the conversion of sunlight energy into chemical energy).
Kingdom Plantae
48
Mostly low growing and do not possess roots for absorbing water from the ground.
Nonvascular plants.
49
A week-developed root system, making them poorly adapted to land environments.
Bryophytes
50
Contains true vascular tissues that transport water and nutrients within the plant body.
Vascular plants.
51
Are organisms whose ancestor existed on earth for more than 900 million years ago (Precambrian Period) based on fossil records.
Kingdom fungi
52
Animals are multicellular organisms without cell walls or chlorophyll.
Kingdom Animalia
53
With backbones
Vertebrates
54
Without backbones
Invertebrates
55
Is made up of sea sponges, which are stationary plant-like organisms we find in colorful coral reefs
Porifera
56
Segmented worms, like the ones bird eat from the ground
Annelida
57
Consists of jellyfish and hydras
Cnidria
58
Round worms, which have a complete digestive system
Nematoda
59
All creepy animals such as spider, centipedes, bees, scorpions, and even insects like playing mantises and butterflies.
Arthropoda
60
Consists of the soft squids, sea snails, clams, cuttlefish, and octopi of the ocean, as well as snails and slugs on land.
Mollusca
61
Includes sea squirts, sea urchins, and sea stars.
Echinodermata
62
Animals with flexible rod supporting their dorsal or back sides
Chordata
63
3 domain
Eukarya Bacteria Archaea
64
6 kingdoms
``` KINGDOM EUBACTERIA KINGDOM ARCHAEA KINGDOM PROTISTA KINGDOM PLANTAE KINGDOM FUNGI KINGDOM ANIMALIA ```
65
The present system of naming organisms called
Binomial Nomenclature

EXAM (6 decks)

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