science Flashcards by Caroline Lohr

Q

what are the four groups of macromolecules:

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid

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Q

what are polymers made out of

A

monomers

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Q

what process removes water to build a polymer

A

dehydration synthisis

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Q

what process adds water to break down a polymer

A

hydrolosis

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Q

what is the function of carbohydrates

A

short-term energy storage

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Q

what is the monomer of carbohydrtaes

A

monosaccharides

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Q

what is the polymer of carbohydrates

A

polysaccharides

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Q

what is the structure of plants

A

cellulose

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Q

what is the sugar storage for plants

A

startch

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Q

what is the structure of animals

A

chitin

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Q

what is the sugar storgae of aniamls

A

glycogen

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Q

what is the main function of lipids

A

long-term energy storage,

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Q

what is the monomers of lipids

A

fatty acids & glycerol

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Q

what is the polymer of lipids

A

triglyceride

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Q

how many fatty acids are in a triglyceride

A

3 and 1 glycerol

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Q

which macromoloclues are all hydrophopic

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A

lipids

Q

what are
Phospholipids

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A

a special lipid that is made of two fatty acids and one phosphate.

Q

how many fatty acids and phosphates are in a Phospolipids

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A

2 fatty acids, 1 phosphate

Q

what is a Hydrophilic head

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A

a phosphate group

Q

what is a Hydrophobic tail

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A

fatty acids

Q

what do two layers of phospholipids make up

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A

phospholipid bilayer aka the cell membrane.

Q

what is the main function of proteins

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A

run through your body

Q

what do enzymes do

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A

control the rate of chemical reactions

Q

what control the rate of chemical reactions

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A

enzymes

what do hormones do

regulate cell processes

what regulates cell processes

hormones

what dose structurally do

make up bones and muscles

what do proteins transport

substancs in and out of cell

what do antibodies do

help immune system fight diseases

what do receptors do

aid in cell signaling

what is the main function of nucleic acids

store and transmit genetic information,

what are nucleic acids found in

DNA and RNA

what is the monomer of nucleic acids

Nucleotides

what is the polymer of nucleic acids

DNA or RNA

what are the three parts of a nucleotide

5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base.

what are the three parts of a nucleotide

5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base.

what are the monomers of protiens

amino acids