SCIENCE 1.3 cardiovascular system

Question 1

the cardiovascular system is responsible for the movement of

Answer 1

blood around the body which permits
* nutrient distribution
* waste removal
* protection

Question 2

the circulatory system comprises the closed system of blood pumped around the body by the heart through a network of

Answer 2

• arteries
• veins
• capillaries

Question 3

the cardiovascular system is made of 3 main components

Answer 3

1. the heart
2. blood vessels
3. blood

Question 4

the heart is a large muscular organ comprised of

Answer 4

cardiac tissue called myocardium

Question 5

the heart is surrounded by a sac called the

Answer 5

pericardium

Question 6

the heart contains how many chambers

Answer 6

4

Question 7

the two superior heart chambers called the

Answer 7

right and left atrium
are divided by the interatrial septum

Question 8

the atria are the blood-receiving

Answer 8

chambers in the heart

Question 9

the two inferior heart chambers are called the

Answer 9

right and left ventricle
are separated by the interventricular septum

Question 10

the ventricles are the blood-pumping

Answer 10

chamber in the heart

Question 11

how many does different valves for the heart have that regulates blood flow

Answer 11

4

Question 12

there are 2 atrioventricular valves on each side of the heart that guide blood from the

Answer 12

atria to the ventricles

these valves are tricuspid valve (right) and the mitral or bicuspid valve (left)

Question 13

the other two valves are the semilunar valves called the

Answer 13

pulmonary valve
aortic valve

Question 14

pulmonary valve is on the

Answer 14

right

guides blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk

leads blood to the lungs for oxygenation

Question 15

aortic valve on the

Answer 15

left

guides blood from the left ventricle to the aorta

leads blood to the body

Question 16

pulmonary circulation

Answer 16

right side of heart pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart toward the lungs

Question 17

systemic circulation

Answer 17

left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it toward the rest of the body parts

Question 18

arteries

Answer 18

carry blood away from the heart

they have a thick layer of smooth muscle in their walls to withstand the pressure of the forceful heartbeat

Question 19

the larger arteries branch into

Answer 19

increasingly smaller arterioles which eventually connect to a bed of capillaries

Question 20

capillaries are microscopic blood vessels with walls that are only

Answer 20

one cell thick

Question 21

exchange of gases and nutrients also occurs between the

Answer 21

alveoli of lungs and the capillary beds in the heart system

and between capillary beds and tissues throughout the body

Question 22

veins carry blood from body parts toward the

Answer 22

heart

they are connected to the capillary beds via smaller branches called venules

Question 23

veins and venules have thinner

Answer 23

walls because they are farther from the force of the heartbeat and so experience less pressure on their walls

Question 24

veins have one-way

Answer 24

valves to prevent blood from flowing back into the system