Science

Question 1

Elements

Answer 1

A molecule composed of one kind of atom; cannot be broken into simpler units by chemical reactions.

Question 2

Compounds

Answer 2

2 or more elements chemically combined

Question 3

Mixtures

Answer 3

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Question 4

Sub-atomic particles

Answer 4

protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 5

proton

Answer 5

Postively charged particles

Question 6

Neutron

Answer 6

Neutral charged particle

Question 7

electron

Answer 7

negatively charged particles

Question 8

mass (amu)

Answer 8

atomic mass unit

Question 9

atomic number

Answer 9

number of protons of the atom

Question 10

atomic mass

Answer 10

number of protons and neutrons

Question 11

Isotopes

Answer 11

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 12

changing the number of neutrons…

Answer 12

Doesn’t change the element.

Question 13

Changing the number of protons…

Answer 13

changes the element

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. results in 2 nuclei and occurs in non reproducing cells.

Question 15

Meiosis

Answer 15

a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms.

Question 16

Gametes

Answer 16

sex cells

Question 17

homologous chromosomes

Answer 17

Pair of chromosomes that are the same size, same appearance and same genes.

Question 18

Haploid

Answer 18

having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

Question 19

Diploid

Answer 19

2 sets of chromosomes

Question 20

PMAT

Answer 20

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 21

PMAT

Answer 21

cell division process

Question 22

Mitosis goes through pmat…

Answer 22

once

Question 23

Meiosis goes through pmat

Answer 23

Twice

Question 24

Chromtaid

Answer 24

one half of a duplicated chromosome

Question 25

homologous pair

Answer 25

a pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that have relatively similar structures and gene values

Question 26

Mitosis has

Answer 26

chromtaid

Question 27

Meiosis had

Answer 27

Homologous pairs

Question 28

Prophase (Before)

Answer 28

first and longest phase of cell division process, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus

Question 29

Metaphase (meet in middle)

Answer 29

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 30

Anaphase (Away)

Answer 30

Phase of pmat in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 31

Telophase (two cells)

Answer 31

After the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of pmat

Question 32

paternal copies

Answer 32

Father genes

Question 33

Maternal copies

Answer 33

Mother genes

Question 34

DNA

Answer 34

deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

Question 35

Chromosomes

Answer 35

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

Question 36

Genes

Answer 36

A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. (Characteristics)

Question 37

homozygous dominant

Answer 37

Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA)

Question 38

Heterozygous

Answer 38

having two different alleles for a trait(Aa)

Question 39

homozygous recessive

Answer 39

Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa)

Question 40

The word atom means

Answer 40

indivisible

Question 41

The word atom means

Answer 41

indivisible

Question 42

isotope

Answer 42

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

Question 43

Radioisotopes

Answer 43

An isotope that has an unstable nucleus and undergoes radioactive decay. Losing neutrons to become more stable.

Question 44

radioactive decay

Answer 44

The breakdown of a radioactive element, releasing particles and energy

Question 45

raditation

Answer 45

The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Question 46

half-life

Answer 46

length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay

Question 47

Ions

Answer 47

positively and negatively charged atoms

Question 48

alkai metals

Answer 48

reactive elements of Group 1 in the periodic table, soft with low melting points

Question 49

Halogens

Answer 49

Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive

Question 50

Noble gases

Answer 50

Elements in group 8A of the periodic table. Have no charge and are gases under normal conditions. (Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon). stable

Question 51

The number of shells present in an element is equal to

Answer 51

The period number of the element

Question 52

Dominant genotype

Answer 52

AA

Question 53

Recessive genotype

Answer 53

aa

Question 54

Genotype

Answer 54

genetic makeup, what genes the person carries

Question 55

phenotypes

Answer 55

Physical expressions of genetic trait, what the person actual has. eg. brown hair