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Science Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

What are 4 hazardous things that need to take note of?

A

Hair up
Water near electricity safety glasses on
Close toe shoes

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2
Q

A simple rules when in the lab?

A

Never eat or drink inside the lab

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3
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

The thing you are going to change for the experiment.

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4
Q

What is the dependant variable?

A

The thing you are going to measure in the expirement.

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5
Q

What are the controlled variables?

A

The things that you are gonna be kept the same.

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6
Q

What are the three things that a scientific experiment starts with (scientific method)?

A
  1. A question that the scientist wants to answer.
  2. An aim for how the question will be answered
  3. A statement about what scientist think will happen. (Hypothesis)
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7
Q

What is potential energy?

A

A stored form of energy.

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8
Q

What is energy conversion?

A

When one form of energy is transformed into other forms of energy.

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9
Q

What is energy?

A

The ability to do work.

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10
Q

What is temperature?

A

A measure of how fast the particles that make up a substance are moving.

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11
Q

What is an abiotic?

A

Non living chemical and physical components of an environment or ecosystem

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12
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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13
Q

What is an element

A

Substances that are only made up from one type of atom

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14
Q

What is a compound

A

Substances made up for, two or more types of atom chemically bonded together

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15
Q

What is a mixture

A

Substances made up from two or more types of atom, or compound not chemically bonded

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16
Q

What is a solute

A

A substance dissolved into water or another solvent

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17
Q

What is a solvent

A

A liquid substance that other substances can dissolve into

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18
Q

What is a solution

A

The combination of a solute and a solvent

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19
Q

Solid to gas

A

Sublimation

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20
Q

Gas to solid

A

Deposition

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21
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

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22
Q

Liquid to gas

A

Evaporation

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23
Q

Liquid to solid

A

Freezing

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24
Q

Solid to liquid

A

Melting

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25
What are the properties of a solid
- Solids keep there shape. - They do not spread out - Solids can be cut or shaped - Keeps the same shape or volume - The particles of solids have the lowest kinetic energy out of the three states
26
What are the properties of a liquid
- Liquids can flow - liquids can change their shape to fit a container - they have a fixed volume - the particles of a liquid have kinetic energy in between solids and gases
27
What are the properties of a gas
- Gases are often visible - they do not have a fixed shape - they do not have a fixed volume or shape - gases can be compressed - the particles that make up a gas have the highest kintetic energy
28
What is a physical change
A change in state of matter Examples: Water to ice
29
What is a chemical change
Matter changing from one type of substance to another Example: Wood burning
30
How can we tell a chemical change has occured
A change in colour Gas being released Heat being released Light being released
31
How to seperate 2 solids one of which is magnetic
Magnetic seperation
32
How to seperate 2 solids, one is more soluble than the other
Dissolve in solvent and the filter
33
How to seperate 1 solid and 1 liquid
Filter
34
How to seperate 1 solid dissolved in a solvent
Evaporation
35
How to seperate 2 liquids with different boiling points
Distillation
36
How to seperate 2 solids with different solubility
Chromatography
37
What are the rules of a graph
- no title needed - your independent variable should be on the x axis and dependant on y axis - you need to include your units - very accurate when plotting on the graph - needs to make sense and it needs to be able to include all of your data - use at least half of the space
38
What is a biotic
Any living component of an ecosystem that affects other organisms or their ecosystem
39
What is a cell
The smallest unit of an organism
40
What is photosynthesis
A chemical process where some organisms use sunlight to produce nutrients from carbon dioxide or water
41
What does mrs gren stand for
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrients
42
What is movement
A change in position or place
43
What is respiration
A chemical reaction which uses oxygen to release the energy in glucose
44
What is sensitivity
The ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them
45
What is growth
A permanent increase in size
46
What is reproduction
Making more of the same organism
47
What is Excretion
The removal of toxic substances and waste products from an organism
48
What is nutrition
Where nutrients are taken into the body, broken down, and used for growth, maintenance and repair
49
What is a plant cell made up of
Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane Cellulose cell wall Mitochondrion Permanent vacuole Chloroplast
50
What is an animal cell made up of
Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane Mitochondrion
51
What does a nucleus do
The control centre of the cell that regulates the other cells processes Both
52
What does the cell membrane do
Controls what enters and exits the cell Both
53
What does the cytoplasm do
The site of all reactions in the cell Both
54
What does the cell wall do
Prevents plant cells from bursting, Provides structure for plant cells
55
What does the Vacuole do
Storage organelles that hold nutrients or waste products Both, permanent in plants, temporary in animals
56
What does the mitochondrion do
The site of aerobic respiration Both
57
Chloroplast
The site of photosynthesis Plant
58
What are tissues
Groups of similar cells working together to preform a shared function
59
What are organs
Groups of tissues working together to preform a specific function
60
What are the 14 parts of a microscope
Tube Eyepiece nose piece Low power lens medium power lens High power lens Stage clips Diaphragm Light source Arm Stage Fine focus Course focus Base
61
What is chemical potential energy
Chemical energy is stored in the bonds between atoms in molecules and compounds
62
What is electrical energy
Generated by the movement of electrons
63
What is Gravitational potential energy
Large objects like the earth or the sun create gravitational potential energy
64
What is heat energy
Heat energy is also called thermal energy, it involves atoms, molecules and compounds vibrating
65
What is light energy
Light is a type of radiant energy. Light is made up from tiny particles called photons
66
What is kinetic energy
Anything that is moving
67
What is nuclear potential energy
Energy generated be splitting atoms
68
What is elastic potential energy
Energy that is stored in stretchy or springy objects
69
What is sound energy
The vibration of particles
70
Equation for respiration
Glucose + oxygen — carbon dioxide + water + energy ( atp)
71
What is the equation to photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water — glucose + oxygen
72
Define malleability
Can be worked into different shapes
73
Define lustre
Shininess, the ability to reflect light
74
Ductility
Can be stretched out into wires
75
Define sonorous
Making a ringing sound if it is struck with something
76
Define metal
Something that has all of the features of metals
77
Define a Non metal
Something that has none or only some of the metal features
78
Define Group
The columns going down in the periodic table are called groups
79
Define Period
The rows in the periodic table are called periods
80
Define transition metals
Metals that are able to bond with other metals that have more valance electrons
81
What are the features of alkali metals
- all soft enough to cut - all have a single valence electron in the final shell - they will oxidise quick when exposed to air - act strongly when they come into contact with water.
82
Properties of metals
Electrical conductivity Malleability Ductility Sonorous Lustrous Heat conductivity Solid at room temperature
83
Properties of Non metals
Poor thermal conductivity Poor electrical conductivity Not malleable or ductile Little or no metallic lustre
84
2 uses of alkali earth metals
Lithium - ceramic production Potassium - fertilisers
85
Alkaline earth metals
All reactive but not as reactive They do not react violently with water Two valence electrons
86
What group is the oxygen family
VI
87
What group is halogens
Vii
88
What group is noble gasses
Viii
89
Uses for fluorine
Rocket fuel
90

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