Science Flashcards
(47 cards)
Chemical C is a catalyst in the reaction between chemical A and chemical B. What is the
effect of chemical C?
Chemical C increases the rate of the reaction between A and B.
On average, how many neutrons does one atom of bromine (Br) have?
35
Br
79.90
44.90
On average, how many protons does one atom of zinc (Zn) have?
30
Zn
65.39
30
A scientific study has over 2,000 data points. Which of the following methods is most likely
to help the researcher gain usable information from the data?
a. Use statistical analysis to understand trends in the data.
b. Look at each individual data point and try to create a trend.
c. Eliminate 90% of the data so that the sample size is more manageable.
d. Stare at the data until a pattern pops out.
a. Use statistical analysis to understand trends in the data.
Which of the following accurately describes the path of blood through the heart?
a. Blood enters the heart through the pulmonary vein, into the right atrium, through the
tricuspid valve to the right ventricle.
b. Once the right ventricle is full, blood exits into the pulmonary artery and then empties into
the left ventricle.
c. After traveling through the lungs, oxygenated blood enters into the left atrium, then through
the mitral valve to the left ventricle.
d. Once the left ventricle is full, the left tricuspid valve shuts, the ventricle contracts, and blood
exits through the aorta.
c. After traveling through the lungs, oxygenated blood enters into the left atrium, then through
the mitral valve to the left ventricle.
Which of the statements below accurately list a component along with its function? (Select
all that apply.)
a. Collagen is a fatty compound that creates a padding between bones and other structures.
b. Hemoglobin is a protein in the blood that facilitates the carrying of oxygen.
c. Lymph is tissue that forms into nodes through which blood is filtered and cleaned.
d. An antigen is a substance that stimulates the production of antibodies.
b. Hemoglobin is a protein in the blood that facilitates the carrying of oxygen.
d. An antigen is a substance that stimulates the production of antibodies.
Which of the statements below list the correct function of the digestive system organ?
(Select all that apply.)
a. The large intestine reabsorbs water into the body to form solid waste.
b. The duodenum is the part of the small intestine in which acids, fat, and sugar are absorbed.
c. The liver produces bile, which aids digestion by emulsifying fats after they have passed
through the stomach.
d. The ileum functions to recover vitamins, salts, and nutrients from the chyme before it
passes into the large intestine.
e. The jejunum receives chyme from the stomach and is the site where most chemical
digestion occurs.
f. The gallbladder produces insulin to assist in the transport of sugars from the blood to the
organs
a. The large intestine reabsorbs water into the body to form solid waste.
c. The liver produces bile, which aids digestion by emulsifying fats after they have passed
through the stomach.
d. The ileum functions to recover vitamins, salts, and nutrients from the chyme before it
passes into the large intestine.
- Which pattern below best describes the elements listed in the table?
Element Atomic number Approximate
atomic weight
H 1 1
He 2 4
Li 3 7
Be 4 9
a. The elements are arranged in order by weight, with H being the heaviest atom and Be being
the lightest atom.
b. The elements are arranged in order by electron charge, with H having the most electrons
and Be having the fewest electrons.
c. The elements are arranged in order by protons, with H having the most protons and Be
having the fewest protons.
d. The elements are arranged in order by protons, with H having the fewest protons and Be
having the most protons.
d. The elements are arranged in order by protons, with H having the fewest protons and Be
having the most protons.
Based on the following evidence, what is the most likely reason that spoiled food left out in
the open often contained fly larvae?
Many years ago, people believed that flies were created from spoiled food because
spoiled food that was left out in the open often contained fly larvae. So a scientist
placed fresh food in a sealed container for an extended period of time. The food
spoiled, but no fly larvae were found in the food that was sealed
a. The spoiled food evolved into fly larvae.
b. Since the food was left out in the open, flies would lay eggs in the food.
c. Fly larvae were spontaneously generated by the spoiled food.
d. People only imagined they saw fly larvae in the spoiled food
b. Since the food was left out in the open, flies would lay eggs in the food.
How do DNA and RNA function together as part of the human genome?
b. RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the cell cytoplasm.
Which statement most accurately compares and contrasts the structures of DNA and
RNA?
a. Both DNA and RNA have 4 nucleotide bases. Three of the bases are the same, but the fourth
base is thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.
b. Both DNA and RNA have the same 4 nucleotide bases. However, the nucleotides bond
differently in the DNA when compared to RNA.
c. Both DNA and RNA have 6 nucleotide bases. However, the shape of DNA is a triple helix and
the shape of RNA is a double helix.
d. Both DNA and RNA have a double helix structure. However, DNA contains 6 nucleotide
bases and RNA contains 4 nucleotide bases.
a. Both DNA and RNA have 4 nucleotide bases. Three of the bases are the same, but the fourth
base is thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA
Fill in the blanks in the following sentence:
Enzymes are ________ molecules that serve as _______ for certain biological reactions.
d. large; catalysts
What type of molecules are enzymes?
b. Protein molecules
Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood back to the heart?
a. Pulmonary vein
Mrs. Jones’s class is conducting an experiment. They will substitute artificial sweetener
for sugar in a cookie recipe to determine the effect on the overall color of the baked cookies.
Which of the following should be included in the instructions for the experiment?
a. When preparing the batch that includes artificial sweetener, 20% more water should be
included since artificial sweetener requires more water to dissolve than sugar.
b. The bake temperature should be decreased from 425° to 400° on the batch that uses
artificial sweetener since the recipe indicates that sugar may take longer to bake.
c. The batch with artificial sweetener should be baked on a stainless steel sheet, while the
batch with sugar should be baked on a nonstick sheet, since sugar is stickier when
dissolved.
d. Ingredient proportions, bake time, bake temperature, and cookie sheet material should all
be kept the same between the two batches of cookies to avoid confounding factors
d. Ingredient proportions, bake time, bake temperature, and cookie sheet material should all
be kept the same between the two batches of cookies to avoid confounding factors
An atom has 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is the electric charge of this
atom?
c. Negative
Of the following, the blood vessel containing the least-oxygenated blood is the:
a. Aorta
b. Vena cava
c. Pulmonary artery
d. Femoral vein
c. Pulmonary artery
How many different types of tissue are there in the human body?
a. 4
A student is conducting an experiment using a ball that is attached to the end of a string, forming a
pendulum. The student pulls the ball back so that it is at an angle to its resting position. As the
student releases the ball, it swings forward and backward. The student measures the time it takes
the ball to make one complete period. A period is defined as the time it takes the ball to swing
forward and back again to its starting position. This is repeated using different string lengths.
The student formed the following hypothesis:
Lengthening the string of the pendulum increases the time it takes the ball to make
one complete period
What correction would you have the student make to the hypothesis?
a. Turn it into an “if/then” statement.
b. Change “will increase” to “increases.”
c. Switch the order of the sentence so that the phrase about the period comes first, and the
phrase about the string’s length is last.
d. No corrections are needed.
What would be an appropriate control variable for this experiment?
a. Turn it into an “if/then” statement.
c. The mass of the ball
Which of the following components of the human integumentary system is the deepest?
a. Stratum basale
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Dermis
c. Hypodermis
Two nursing students will be completing a scientific experiment measuring the mass of
chewed gum after one-minute chewing increments. Which lab equipment will the students
most likely use?
a. Triple beam balance
Which of the following is an example of the location and function of cartilage in the body?’
a. The dense connective tissue that makes up the majority of the structural skeleton
b. The supportive pads that provide cushioning at joints, such as between the vertebrae of the
spinal cord
c. The connective structure made of fibrous collagen that connects muscles and bones, such as
the connection of the patella to the quadriceps
d. The layer beneath the skin and on the outside of internal organs that provides cushioning
and protection
b. The supportive pads that provide cushioning at joints, such as between the vertebrae of the
spinal cord
Which of the following best describes a plane that divides the body into upper and lower
portions?
a. Coronal
b. Transverse
c. Oblique
d. Median
b. Transverse
Which of the following is NOT an element of the respiratory system?
a. Ribs
b. Trachea
c. Diaphragm
d. Alveoli
a. Ribs
