SCIENCE Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and magnetic field
A
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE OR EM WAVE
2
Q
AS THE WAVELENGTH DECREASES, THE FREQUENCY INCREASES
A
FF STATEMENT IS CORRECT
3
Q
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES are produced by
A
VIBRATING CHARGE
4
Q
which property spells the difference among the EM WAVES
A
WAVELENGTH
5
Q
application of multiple reflection
A
KALEIDOSCOPE
6
Q
a device that converts electricity to mechanical movement
A
ELECTRIC MOTOR
7
Q
device that transforms mechanical to electrical energy
A
ELECTRIC GENERATOR
8
Q
what are the two forces required for generator and electric motors to work
A
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC
9
Q
convex lenses are used in
A
BOTH A AND B or CAMERAS AND MAGNIFYING GLASS
10
Q
the image seen in plane mirror is
A
VIRTUAL AND UPRIGHT
11
Q
speed of EM WAVE in a vacuum
A
3×10⁸ m/s
12
Q
aside from concrete, what material can block gamma radiation
A
LEAD
13
Q
distance from the focal point to the vertex is
A
FOCAL LENGTH
14
Q
the type of lens used to correct myopia
A
CONCAVE LENS
15
Q
GPS STANDS FOR/ ACRONYM GPS
A
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
16
Q
type of EM WAVE is used in RADAR
A
RADIO WAVE
17
Q
which among the EM WAVE has the highest energy
A
GAMMA RAY
18
Q
the relationship between wavelength and frequency
A
INVERSE/INDIRECT
19
Q
thisbEM WAVE has the wavelength similar to basketball court
A
RADIO WAVE
20
Q
a principles explain how an electric motor works
A
ELECTROMAGNETISM
21
Q
a kind of lens is used to connect hyperopia (farsightedness)
A
CONVEX
22
Q
a device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy
A
VACUUM CLEANER
23
Q
image formed by a concave mirror
A
EITHER REAL OR VIRTUAL
24
Q
are disturbances that carry/transfer energy
A
WAVES
25
require a medium (particles) to travel through
MECHANICAL WAVES
26
can travel through a vacuum
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
27
TWO MAIN TYPES OF MECHANICAL WAVES
LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE WAVES
28
-vibrations occur parallel
- have regions of compression and rarefaction
LONGITUDINAL WAVES
29
BACKWARDS AND FORWARDS
LONGITUDINAL WAVES
30
vibration occur at right angles
- only the energy, not the particles is transferred through the medium
TRANSVERSE WAVES
31
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM CAN BE DIVIDED INTO SEVEN GROUPS
- radio wave
- microwave
- infrared
- visible light
- ultra violet
- x ray
- gamma ray
32
PARTS OF WAVE
- CREST
- TROUGH
- AMPLITUDE
- WAVELENGTH
33
the section of the wave that rises above the undisturbed position
CREST
34
the section of wave that lies below the undisturbed position
TROUGH
35
the distance from the undisturbed position
AMPLITUDE
36
the distance between two adjacent corresponding location of the wave train
WAVELENGTH
37
THE WAVELENGTH CAN BE MEASURED IN ONE OF THREE WAYS:
-CREST TO NEXT CREST
-TROUGH TO NEXT TROUGH
-FROM THE START OF A WAVE CYCLE TO THE NEXT STARTING POINT
38
are charged particles that can produce electric and magnetic field
ELECTRONS
39
a DANISH physicist and chemist
HANS CHRISTIAN
40
he discovered that an electrical current can create a magnetic field
HANS CHRISTIAN OERSTED (1820)
41
made the revolutionary discovery that a wire carrying electric current can attract or repel
ANDRÉ-MARIE AMPÉRE
42
is probably best known for his discovery of electromagnetic induction
MICHAEL FARADAY (1791-1867)
43
an english scientist who developed a scientific theory to better explain electromagnetic waves
JAMES CLERK MAXWELL (1876)
44
a german physicist who applied Maxwell's theories to the production and reception of radio waves
HEINRICH HERTZ
45
a moving charge creates a magnetic field
OERSTED
46
magnetism can be produced by electricity
AMPERE
47
a changing magnetic field produces an electric current
FARADAY
48
predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves
MAXWELL
49
discovered radio waves and verified Maxwell's EM theory
HERTZ
50
discovered that Earth was magnetic and theorized
WILHELM GILBERT
51
discovered that the ratio of electrostatic to electromagnetic units equals the value of the speed of light
WILHELM EDUARD WEBER
52
developed coulomb's law, which defined the electrostatic
CHARLES AUGUSTIN DE COULOMB
53
He was a German- born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity
ALBERT EINSTEIN
54
are formed when an electric field comes in contact with a magnetic field
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
55
the electric field and magnetic field are aldo
PERPENDICULAR
56
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WALENGTG AND FREQUENCY
INVERSE/INDIRECT RELATIONSHIP
57
electromagnetic waves can be described in terms of a stream of mass-less particles, called
PHOTONS
58
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENERGY AND FREQUENCY
DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
59
have photons with low enegries
RADIO WAVES
60
have a little more energy
MICROWAVE
61
photons have still more
INFRARED
62
THE ORDER OF COLORS OF VISIBLE LIGHT are arranged
from lowest to highest frequency
63
has the lowest energy and frequency
RED
64
has the highest energy and frequency
VIOLET
65
the most energetic of all EM WAVES and has the highest frequency
GAMMA RAYS
66
is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum where there is insufficient energy
NON-IONIZING RADIATION
67
is a type of energy released by atoms that travels in the form of electromagnetic waves
IONIZING RADIATION
68
includes in NON IONIZING RADIATION
RADIO WAVES, MICROWAVES, INFRARED, VISIBLE LIGHT AND ULTRAVIOLET
69
these includes in IONIZING RADIATION
GAMMA OR X RAY
70
it has a long wavelength
RADIOWAVES
71
RADIO WAVES EXAMPLES:
GPS
MRI
RADIO AND TELEVISION
72
is a space-based navigation system that provides geographical position
GPS ( GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)
73
it is a medical imaging technique that uses powerful magnets, computer and radio waves to make detailed pictures inside your body
MRI (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING)
74
for communication
RADIO AND TELEVISION
75
MICROWAVES EXAMPLES:
-SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
-RADAR ( RADIO DETECTION AND RANGING)
-COOKING
76
it can penetrate the Earth's atmosphere/ antenna
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
77
is a detection system used to determine the range, angle or velocity of objects
RADAR (RADIO DETECTION AND RANGING)
78
creates molecular fiction
COOKING
79
INFRARED EXAMPLES:
-REMOTE CONTROL (IR REMOTE)
-NIGHT VISION GOGGLES
-THERMAL SCANNER
80
used LED lights to transmit signals to control devices
REMOTE CONTROL (IR REMOTE)
81
use thermal imaging technology to capture the infrared light
NIGHT VISION GOGGLES
82
show the temp variation of the body
THERMAL SCANNER
83
VISIBLE LIGHT EXAMPLES:
-OPTICAL FIBERS
-SCREEN OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES
-ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS
84
enables us to see things around us
VISIBLE LIGHT
85
examples of artificial lights:
FLASHLIGHT, LAMP ETC.
86
one use of optical fibers in medicine/flexible tube
ENDOSCOPE
87
ULTRAVIOLET EXAMPLES:
-SECURITY MARKINGS
-STERILIZATION OF WATER IN DRINKING FOUNTAIN
-FLUORESCENCE
88
sensitive documents such as credit cards, banknotes and passports
SECURITY MARKINGS
89
ultraviolet light disinfection is one water treatment system
STERILIZATION OF WATER IN DRINKING FOUNTAINS
90
X-RAY EXAMPLES:
-AIRPORT SECURITY SCANNER
-DIAGNOSING BONE FRACTURES
91
can penetrate through metals which can be used in AIRPORT SECURITY SCANNER
SHORT WAVELENGTH X-RAYS
92
CAN PENETRATE THE FLESH BUT NOT THE BONES
(DIAGNOSING BONE FRACTURE)
- LONG WAVELENGTH X-RAYS
93
GAMMA RAYS EXAMPLES:
-RADIOTHERAPY
-STERILIZE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
94
treat tumors and cancer
RADIOTHERAPY
95
they easily penetrate through materials
STERILIZE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
96
a line that is perpendicular to the surface
NORMAL LINE
97
the ray of light coming from the light source towards a surface
INCIDENT RAY
98
the ray of light which leaves the mirror
REFLECTED RAY
99
the angle between the incident ray and normal line
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE
100
the angle between the reflected ray and normal line
ANGLE OF REFLECTION
101
(REFLECTION OF LIGHT IN MIRRORS)
THE LAWS OF REFLECTION STATE THAT:
- the incident ray, reflected ray and the normal line to the reflecting surface all lie in the same plane
- the angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection
102
when light hits an object, every part of that object reflects light in all direction.
REFLECTION IN PLANE MIRROR
103
TYPES OF REFLECTION OF LIGHT
- specular/ regular reflection
- diffused/ irregular reflection
104
It is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle
SPECULAR/REGULAR REFLECTION
105
It is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions
DIFFUSED/ IRREGULAR REFLECTION
106
parallel light rays reflect in one direction
SPECULAR REFLECTION (SMOOTH SURFACE)
107
parallel light rays reflect in a different directions
DIFFUSE REFLECTION (ROUGH SURFACE)
108
characteristics of images formed by a plane mirror:
- image is virtual
- same size
- same orientation
- same distance
- mirror left-right reversal
109
most curved mirrors
SPHERICAL MIRROR
110
two kinds of spherical mirror
- CONCAVE MIRROR
- CONVEX MIRROR
111
it reflects light inward to one focal point. It is used to focus light. also known as converging mirror
CONCAVE MIRROR
112
also known as diverging mirror. reflects light outwards; therefore they are not used to focus light
CONVEX MIRROR
113
the straight line passing through the center of curvature to the mirror
PRINCIPAL AXIS
114
the center of the sphere whose surface forms the curved mirror
CENTER OF CURVATURE
115
where the light rays meet
FOCAL POINT (F)
116
the point where the principal axis meets the mirror
VERTEX (V)
117
the distance from the vertex to the center of the curvature
RADIUS OF CURVATURE (R)
118
THE DISTANCE FROM THE FOCAL POINT TO THE VERTEX
FOCAL LENGTH (f)
119
FOUR PRINCIPAL RAYS FOR CONCAVE MIRRORS
P-F RAY
F-P RAY
C-C RAY
V RAY
120
a ray of light parallel to the principal axis is reflected passing through the principal focus, F
P-F RAY
121
a ray of light passing through the focus, F is reflected parallel to the principal axis
F-P RAY
122
a ray of light passing through the center of curvature, C reflects back along its own path
C-C RAY
123
a ray of light directed to the vertex reflects at equal angle from the principal axis
V RAY
124
THREE IMPORTANT POINTS FOR GRAPHICAL METHOD
- CENTER OF CURVATURE
- VERTEX
- FOCAL POINT/FOCUS
125
kind of mirror used by department store
CONVEX MIRROR
126
produce smaller or farther images
CONCAVE LENS
127
mirror with reflective flat surface
PLANE MIRROR
128
types of lens that is thicker
CONVEX LENS
129
spherical mirror with reflecting surface curved inwards
CONCAVE MIRROR
