Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Grade 9 4th Monthly Test > SCIENCE > Flashcards

SCIENCE Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

A vent, hill, or mountain that erupts, releasing molten rocks, rock fragments, and gaseous materials onto Earth’s surface.

A

VOLCANOES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Volcanoes are mostly found in the?

A

PACIFIC RING OF FIRE/CIRCUM-PACIFIC BELT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the name “Volcano” come from?

A

ITALIAN WORD VULCANO - “BURNING MOUNTAIN”
LATIN WORD VULCAN - “THE ROMAN GOD OF FIRE”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cooled Magma

A

LAVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Rock Fragments

A

TEPHRA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Monitors Volcanoes in the Philippines.

A

PHIVOLCS (Philippine Institution of Volcanology and Seismology)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The side of a volcano

A

FLANK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Molten rock that erupts from a volcano and solidifies as it cools.

A

LAVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mouth of a volcano, surrounds a volcanic vent, a funnel shaped depression at the top of a volcano formed as a result of an explosive eruption.

A

CRATER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The highest part of a volcano.

A

SUMMIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The entrance; part of a conduit that ejects lava and ash.

A

THROAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fragments of lava and rock smaller than 2mm.

A

ASH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ASH CLOUD

A

A cloud of ash.
Self-explanatory LMAO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface.

A

MAGMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Underground passage magma travels through. It connects the magma chamber to the throat.

A

CONDUIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flat piece of rock formed when magma hardens.

A

SILL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bodies of magma that cut through and across the layering of adjacent rocks. Formed when magma goes through fractures and solidifies.

A

DIKE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Small cone shaped volcano formed by the accumulations of volcanic debris.

A

PARASITIC CONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The actual opening where the lava and ash come from.

A

VENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Formation of a Volcano

A
  1. Magma beneath the Earth’s surface causes pressure. The pressure causes cracks in the rocks.
  2. The magma reaches the surface.
  3. The magma ejects lava flow and ash deposits.
  4. Over time, it will cool down and solidify.
  5. It will continue to eject lava until it gets bigger and bigger.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Also known as scoria cones. Simplest type. Built from pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes that form and solidify around the main vent to form a cone, which can be either circular or oval. Usually small.

A

CINDERCONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Also known as stratovolcanoes. Formed when viscous andestic lava flows out of a vent for a very long time. They have acidic and sticky lava which allows the lava to solidify without travelling very far. Cone is symmetrical. Explosive eruptions.

A

COMPOSITE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Formed when non-acidic basaltic lava flows of high viscosity producing broad sloping sides and shield-like structures. They are not very explosive and are among the largest volcanoes in the world. Dome shaped with a wide base.

A

SHIELD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

These volcanoes have erupted during historical times (i.e, documented by people) within the last 600 years. In addition, they have erupted at least once in the last past 10 000 years and are likely to erupt again. There are 24 of them in the Philippines.

A

ACTIVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
These volcanoes are active but not erupting; however they are expected to erupt anytime soon.
DORMANT
26
These volcanoes have not had any eruption in the past 10 000 years and are expected not to erupt anymore in the future. These volcanoes have been intensively weathered and eroded.
DISTINCT/INACTIVE
27
Different kinds of eruptions can be classified as either?
EFFUSIVE OR EXPLOSIVE
28
Involve the outpouring of basaltic magma that is relatively low in viscosity and low in gas content.
EFFUSIVE ERUPTIONS
29
Involve magma of high viscosity and high gas content.
EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS
30
Driven by steam due to rapid heating beneath a volcano. Releases steam. They often precede or accompany another type of volcanic eruption.
PHREATIC
31
Occurs when water interacts with magma. It releases steam and pyroclastic fragments into Earth’s surface.
PHREATOMAGMATIC
32
Fountains of either basaltic or andesitic lava. This eruption creates eruptive products such as scoria (hardened chunks of bubbly lava) and lava bombs
STROMBOLIAN
33
Steam, viscous lava, volcanic material that very quickly goes down.
PELEAN
34
Tall eruptions that go up to 20km high. Short, explosive and violent. This happens when the pressure is enough to blow off the overlaying layer of solidified lava over the entrapped gases in magma.
VULCANIAN
35
Most destructive and violent eruptions. Volcanic materials go more than 20km high and form an eruption column.
PILINIAN
36
Comes from the Greek word geo which means “Earth,” and thermal, which means “heat.” Comes from heat contained in fluids in rocks beneath the Earth. May be derived from steam or hot liquid water. Obtained by drilling wells. The Philippines is the 3rd largest producer of this globally.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
37
Steam from natural resources such as geysers or high pressure depths are used to drive electrical turbines.
CONVENTIONAL GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
38
The scientists and researchers are using the heat from supercritical water.
VOLCANIC GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
39
Is believed to have greater energy than conventional steam.
SUPERCRITICAL WATER
40
Where the heat of the Earth changes water into steam, then the steam turns a turbine.
GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS
41
How do Geothermal Power Plants work?
Hot water is pumped from underground. (Thermal energy) The steam from the hot waters turns a turbine. (Mechanical energy) The turbine turns the generator. (Mechanical energy) Electricity then goes to a grid. (Electrical energy)
42
Removes heat from the fluid in the Earth’s connection, concentrates it, then transfers it into a building.
GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS
43
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES: VOLCANO
Advantages Tourism Lava and ash deposits act as fertilizer Generating geothermal Energy Habitats Can create new islands Cools down the Earth Precious gems and building materials Disadvantages Harmful gases Pyroclastic flow Lahar Landslides Tephra
44
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES: GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Advantages Renewable Sustainable More environmentally friendly Efficient No fuel required Disadvantages May trigger earthquakes (due to digging) Environment concerns (gas from underground may enter atmosphere) Location-restricted (power plants must be built where geothermal energy is accessible) May affect stability of land Costly
45
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE It refers to the behavior of the atmosphere over relatively long periods of time.
CLIMATE
46
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE The distance (in degrees) to the North and South from the equator
LATITUDE
47
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE Wind direction a particular area or region experiences most frequently
PREVAILING WINDS
48
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE The height above sea level
ALTITUDE
49
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE Coastal areas are cooler and wetter than inland areas
DISTANCE FROM THE SEA
50
TYPES OF CLIMATE - Found in places near the equator - Dry and wet seasons
TROPICAL
51
TYPES OF CLIMATE - Involve very hot summers with seldom rains - Arid or semiarid places
DRY
52
TYPES OF CLIMATE - Moderate rainfall across the year, warm summers and cool winters - Common to places found in latitudes
TEMPERATE
53
TYPES OF CLIMATE - Include variation of temperature year-round; hot summers, cold winters, and a small amount of rainfall
CONTINENTAL
54
TYPES OF CLIMATE - Cool summers and very long cold winters - Permafrost
POLAR
55
It is the natural healing process of the Earth.
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
56
It is the gradual increase in the Earth's temperature.
GLOBAL WARMING
57
It is a change in the usual weather found in a place.
CLIMAGE CHANGE
58
It refers to the climactic conditions in localized areas near the Earth's surface. It is defined by temperature, moisture, winds, vegetation, soil, elevation, latitude, and season.
MICROCLIMATE
59
MICROCLIMATES IN THE PH There are two pronounced seasons: dry from the months of November to April, and wet the rest of the year.
TYPE I
60
MICROCLIMATES IN THE PH There is no dry season with very pronounced rainfall from November to April and wet the rest of the year.
TYPE II
61
MICROCLIMATES IN THE PH Seasons are not very pronounced: relatively dry from November to April and then wet for the rest of the year.
TYPE III
62
MICROCLIMATES IN THE PH Rainfall is more likely to be evenly distributed throughout the year.
TYPE IV
63
It refers to a seasonal shift in the direction of the prevailing winds of a region.
MONSOONS
64
It is a significant climate phenomena because of its ability to alter or change the atmospheric circulation of the world, affecting temperature and precipitation.
ENSO
65
Rapid rotating storm over tropical oceans.
TROPICAL CYCLONES

Grade 9 4th Monthly Test (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions