Science Flashcards
(32 cards)
what is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is a process where reactants transform into products by breaking and forming chemical bonds, often with energy changes and visible effects like color shifts or gas release.
Explain why the number of atoms stays the same during a chemical reaction.
Because you can never create or break atoms
What are the three types of radiation
Gamma, beta and alpha
What are acids
Acids are chemical compounds with similar properties that contain at least one hydrogen atom.
pH under 7 (0-6.9)
Acids are sour
Turns blue litmus paper red
what are bases
The opposite of an acid is a base
When bases dissolve in water, they form solutions called alkalis.
They feel soapy or slippery
pH above 7(7.1-14)
Bases are bitter
Turns red litmus paper blue
What pH do acids have
7 (0-6.9)
What pH do bases have
7(7.1-14)
what is an exothermic reaction
Exothermic reactions release energy (mostly heat energy) which warms the surroundings
what is an endothermic reaction
Endothermic reactions absorb energy (mostly heat energy) which cools the surroundings
what is the law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed. For example, the carbon atom in coal becomes carbon dioxide when it is burned. The carbon atom changes from a solid structure to a gas but its mass does not change.
what would be the change in weight before and after the experiment
We will always get out of a chemical reaction what was put into the chemical reaction, so the weight of the chemicals before and after will be the same.
What is an isotope
Isotopes are atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
How do you identify an isotope?
Isotopes are identified by the different mass numbers at the top
What radiation can pass through almost everything?
Gamma radiation
what radiation can pass through nothing even a piece of paper
Alpha radiation
what radiation can pass through a piece of paper but not your hand or plastic
Beta radiation
What is an ion atom
it is an atom with different amounts of electrons
What is a cation ion atom?
A cation is an ion with a positive charge
what is an anion ion atom
An anion is an atom with a negative charge
what is the name of the top numbers on the periodic table
Group
what is the name of the side column on the periodic table
period
what do you call an atom all by itself
an element
What do you call an atom combined with another atom like H2O
Molecule or a compund
how do you notice if it’s a acid
It has a H in the start like HCl
