Science

Question 1

What are the 6 nutrients your body needs and what are their main functions?-

Answer 1

Carbohydrates - fuel source
Fats - stores extra energy
Minerals: substances that the body uses to control processes and build certain structures.
Vitamins- found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and dairy products.Your body cannot make vitamins.
Proteins: build structures and control reactions.
Water: essential for all life.

Question 2

Foods made up primarily of sugars or starches are high in which nutrient?-

Answer 2

Carbohydrates

Question 3

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?-

Answer 3

Saturated fats - solids at room temp
Unsaturated fats - liquid at room temp

Question 4

What is the unit used to measure the energy in food?-

Answer 4

Calories

Question 5

If you are trying to lose weight, should you cut out all fats or carbohydrates from your diet? Why or why not?-

Answer 5

No, because you just need a balanced diet. If you cut out all of it you would probably get sick.

Question 6

Which nutrients does your body NOT make naturally?-

Answer 6

Vitamins

Question 7

What is mechanical digestion?-

Answer 7

occurs when food is crushed or ground into smaller pieces.

Question 8

What is chemical digestion?-

Answer 8

breaks the food particles into molecules using enzymes or acids.

Question 9

Which nutrient starts getting broken down by chemical digestion in the mouth?-

Answer 9

Carbohydrates

Question 10

Describe the process of digestion from start to finish. Include the major organs and accessory organs and what they do.-

Answer 10

In your mouth, your teeth perform mechanical digestion while saliva begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates. When you swallow, your food moves into the esophagus, which pushes the food toward the Stomach. Peristalsis continues throughout the alimentary canal. Food enters the stomach, where it becomes a pasty substance called chyme. The chyme passes into the small intestine, where the chyme is further broken down. The pancreas releases enzymes into the small intestine that aids in the chemical digestion of sugars, proteins, and fats. It also releases a fluid that helps neutralize the acid in the Chyme. The liver produces bile, which is stored in the Gallbladder. The gallbladder releases the bile into the small intestine, where it helps digest fats. Most absorption takes place in the small intestine, using microscopic structures called Villi. The remaining undigested food enters the large intestine, or colon, where water and minerals are absorbed. The remaining material moves into the rectum and is eliminated as waste.