Science Flashcards
(24 cards)
The balance of the weights of the rock materials, water, and ice in and on the earth’s crust against the upward push of the mantle is called
Isostasy
What is elevation
Height above sea level
Where can a mountain be located
Underwater on a continent and islands
What are tectonic mountains
Tectonic plates collide and form mountains above the surface
Buttes, pinnacles, and fins are thought to be erosion remnants of
Plateaus
What causes stone arches to form
Water erosion
What causes sand dunes to form
Wind or water deposition
Which type of rock are volcanoes made of
Igneous
Crater
a depression at the top of the cone.
Caldera
a huge crater-like depression formed when an explosion blows away the upper part of the cone.
Cone
when lava builds up and forms a cone
Vent
when the magma forces its way to the surface and widens a hole
Which of the structures above is the most recognizable from a distance?
Cone
What does the viscosity of lava depend on?
Silica Content
A rapid downhill movement of hot, solid, volcanic particles suspended in steam is
Pyroclastic flow
A layer of loose pyroclastic materials and ash covering the ground is called
Tephra
Where do most active volcanoes in the world exist? (near which type of plate boundaries?)
Convergent plate boundaries
What are the 3 types of volcanoes?
Shield, Cinder, Stratovolcano.
Which one is most common
Stratavolcanoe
What is the VEI of a volcano’s eruption based on?
The amount of tephra that a volcano produces, the height of the eruption cloud, and a descriptive estimate of the explosion.
Where do geologists believe that the earth’s interior temperature is the highest at
Inner Core
Mineral terraces are often associated with
Hot springs
What is a geyser?
A hot spring that forcefully ejects hot water and steam from the ground at regular intervals.
