Science

Question 1

Mixture

Answer 1

A combination of two or more substances not chemically bonded.

Question 2

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 2

Looks the same throughout (e.g., saltwater, air).

Question 3

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 3

Different parts visible (e.g., salad, sand + iron filings).

Question 4

Pure Substance

Answer 4

Made of only one type of particle.

Question 5

Solution

Answer 5

A homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another.

Question 6

Solute

Answer 6

The substance being dissolved (e.g., salt).

Question 7

Solvent

Answer 7

The substance doing the dissolving (e.g., water).

Question 8

Saturated solution

Answer 8

Cannot dissolve more solute.

Question 9

Unsaturated solution

Answer 9

Can still dissolve more solute.

Question 10

Supersaturated solution

Answer 10

Holds more solute than normal (unstable).

Question 11

Filtration

Answer 11

Used for insoluble solid + liquid (e.g., sand + water).

Question 12

Evaporation

Answer 12

Used for soluble solid + liquid (e.g., salt from saltwater).

Question 13

Distillation

Answer 13

Used for two liquids with different boiling points.

Question 14

Chromatography

Answer 14

Separating different dyes in ink.

Question 15

Magnetism

Answer 15

Used for magnetic substance from non-magnetic.

Question 16

Decanting

Answer 16

Pouring off liquid from solid (immiscible).

Question 17

Centrifugation

Answer 17

Separating by density using spinning.

Question 18

Concentrated

Answer 18

More solute in solvent.

Question 19

Dilute

Answer 19

Less solute in solvent.

Question 20

Concentration Formula

Answer 20

Concentration = Mass of solute / Volume of solution.

Question 21

Temperature (affecting solubility)

Answer 21

Solubility usually increases with heat (solids), decreases with heat (gases).

Question 22

Pressure (affecting solubility)

Answer 22

Affects gases (e.g., soda - gas dissolves under pressure).

Question 23

Stirring (affecting solubility)

Answer 23

Helps solute dissolve faster.

Question 24

Particle size (affecting solubility)

Answer 24

Smaller particles dissolve faster.

Question 25

Colloid

Answer 25

Medium particle size, cloudy appearance, does not settle, not filterable (e.g., milk, fog).

Question 26

Suspension

Answer 26

Large particle size, cloudy appearance, settles, filterable (e.g., muddy water).

Question 27

Miscible

Answer 27

Two liquids that mix (e.g., alcohol + water).

Question 28

Immiscible

Answer 28

Two liquids that don't mix (e.g., oil + water).

Question 29

Soluble

Answer 29

Can dissolve.

Question 30

Insoluble

Answer 30

Cannot dissolve.

Question 31

Tyndall effect

Answer 31

Scattering of light by colloids.

Question 32

Evaporation

Answer 32

The process where a liquid changes into a gas at the surface, especially when heated.

Question 33

Particles

Answer 33

Tiny units of matter that make up all substances; their movement explains changes of state.

Question 34

Energy

Answer 34

Needed for particles to move faster and change state (e.g., from liquid to gas).

Question 35

Dissolved

Answer 35

When a solid (like sugar) mixes completely into a liquid to form a solution.

Question 36

Solid

Answer 36

A state of matter with tightly packed particles and a fixed shape and volume.

Question 37

Liquid

Answer 37

A state of matter where particles are close but can move past each other; it has a fixed volume.

Question 38

Gas

Answer 38

A state of matter where particles move freely and spread out to fill the container.

Question 39

Condensation

Answer 39

The opposite of evaporation—when gas turns back into a liquid.

Question 40

Solution

Answer 40

A mixture formed when a solute (e.g., sugar) dissolves in a solvent (e.g., water).

Question 41

Boiling Point

Answer 41

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas throughout the whole liquid.

Question 42

Mass

Answer 42

The amount of matter in a substance, measured in grams (g).

Question 43

Volume

Answer 43

The amount of space a substance takes up, usually measured in cubic centimeters (cm³).

Question 44

Density

Answer 44

The mass per unit volume of a substance (Density = Mass ÷ Volume).

Question 45

Sugar

Answer 45

The solute that was left behind after the water evaporated from the solution.

Question 46

Balance

Answer 46

A device used to measure mass accurately.

Question 47

Suspenison

Answer 47

It is a type of heterogeneous mixture where solid particles are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas.

Question 48

Compound

Answer 48

A substance made from two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together.

Question 49

Atoms of an element

Answer 49

he smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element; all atoms in an element are the same type.

Question 50

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 50

A mixture that is uniform throughout, where the different parts are not visible (e.g., salt water).

Question 51

Molecules of an element

Answer 51

Two or more atoms of the same element that are chemically bonded together (e.g., O₂).

Question 52

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 52

A mixture where the different components are visible and not evenly mixed (e.g., salad or trail mix).

Question 53

Diffusion

Answer 53

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until they are evenly spread out.

Question 54

Particle Kinetic Theory

Answer 54

A theory that explains the behavior of matter in terms of particles. It states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion, and the amount of movement depends on temperature.