science 2

Question 1

the nervous system is split up into what 2 parts?

Answer 1

central and peripheral nervous system

Question 2

the central nervous system includes

Answer 2

brain, spinal cord and nerve cells

Question 3

dendr means

Answer 3

tree or branches

Question 4

what does a dendrite do

Answer 4

A dendrite (tree branch) is where a neuron receives input from other cells.

Question 5

what does an axon do?

Answer 5

sends passes messages in one direction

Question 6

what does a knob do

Answer 6

it passes messages onto the next neurons (and does burnouts)

Question 7

what are the 2 types of neurones

Answer 7

sensory and motor

Question 8

what is a motor neurone

Answer 8

carries messages from CNS to effectors

Question 9

what is an effector

Answer 9

muscles or glands

Question 10

what does a sensory neurone do

Answer 10

carries messages from sensory organs to the CNS

Question 11

sense organs are

Answer 11

organs which give us our five senses

Question 12

how does your brain fires singular nerves

Answer 12

uses a chemical called a neurotransmitter

Question 13

what is a neurotransmitter

Answer 13

a chemical that gets released between clefts of dendrites and axon which gets hit by the axon and then the axon generates an electrical current

Question 14

homeostasis

Answer 14

The mechanisms involved in the maintenance of a stable, internal environment.
The body’s ability to physiologically regulate its inner environment to ensure its stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment.

Question 15

what is a receptor

Answer 15

something that recieves sensory effects.

Question 16

Afferent pathway

Answer 16

The nerve pathway sending an electrochemical message from the receptors to the control center (hypothalamus of brain).

Question 17

the system responsible for driving away malicous diseases

Answer 17

Immune System

Question 18

endemic system

Answer 18

The bodily system responsible for fighting infection.

Question 19

a disease caused by parasites of a plasmodium species.

Answer 19

malaria

Question 20

a disease-causing organism, such as a bacterium or virus.

Answer 20

pathogen

Question 21

Macrophage

Answer 21

a type of white blood which destroys invading particles by engulfing them.

Question 22

antigen

Answer 22

a substance that is foreign to the body and causes an immune response.

Question 23

disease

Answer 23

a particular abnormal condition resulting in a disorder of a structure or function that affects part or all of an organism.

Question 24

Diseases that are contagious and are caused by pathogens.

Answer 24

infectious diseases

Question 25

diseases that cannot be spread from one person to another and are therefore not contagious

Answer 25

non-infectious diseases

Question 26

microscopic, single-celled organism.

Answer 26

bacteria

Question 27

Able to be transmitted from one person or organism to another.

Answer 27

contagious

Question 28

lymphocytes.

Answer 28

Small white cells play a role in the body’s immune response. They work on bacterial and viral infections.

Question 29

neutrophils

Answer 29

cells that move around the body in the blood and seek out foreign material.

Question 30

An organism that lives in or on another organism in the body and benefits by deriving nutrients at others’ expense.

Answer 30

parasite

Question 31

pituitary gland

Answer 31

The endocrine gland that controls the activities of other endocrine glands; is often called the master gland.

Question 32

The control system uses hormones to transmit information

Answer 32

endocrine system

Question 33

The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment.

Answer 33

homeostasis

Question 34

hypothalamus

Answer 34

The portion of the brain that helps maintain homeostasis and acts as a bridge between the nervous and endocrine systems.

Question 35

pancreas

Answer 35

a long, flat gland on the belly that sits behind the stomach and secretes insuline and glucagon.

Question 36

chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine system.

Answer 36

hormones

Question 37

endocrine glands situated on the kidney.

Answer 37

adrenal gland

Question 38

a type of gland that senses changes in internal and external environment.

Answer 38

receptors

Question 39

A change to the internal or external environment that is sensed by the body.

Answer 39

stimulus

Question 40

the insulating layer that covers a neuron

Answer 40

myelin sheath

Question 41

efferent pathways

Answer 41

hypothalamus to effectors.