SCIENCE - 2nd Grading

Question 1

What type of evidence uses fossils to identify an animal’s evolution

Answer 1

Fossil Records

Question 2

What type of evidence uses the embryos to identify an animals evolution

Answer 2

Embryological Evidence

Question 3

What type of evidence has two types and uses bone structure and functions to identify evolution

Answer 3

Structural Evidence

Question 4

What type of Structural Evidence for evolution uses bone structure to identify an animals ancestry

Answer 4

Homologous Structure

Question 5

What type of Structural Evidence for evolution uses function to identify an animals ancestry

Answer 5

Analogous Structure

Question 6

What type of evidence uses genes to identify how closely related a species is another

Answer 6

Biochemical Evidence

Question 7

What is the transfer of genetic material/alleles from one population to another

Answer 7

Gene Flow

Question 8

What is the change in allele frequency due to chance causing loss of genetic diversity and has two different types

Answer 8

Genetic Drift

Question 9

What type of Genetic Drift involves small groups break off from the larger population

Answer 9

Found Effect

Question 10

What type of Genetic Drift effect is when the size of the population is reduced due to an event.

Answer 10

Bottleneck Effect

Question 11

What do you call it when new alleles form through new variations that creates a new genetic variation needed for evolution

Answer 11

Mutation

Question 12

What is it when animals have unique features which help with mating success and has two types

Answer 12

Sexual Selection

Question 13

What type of Sexual Selection applies to males who display unique traits to attract females. One example being the birds of paradise

Answer 13

Intersexual Selections

Question 14

What type of Sexual Selection applies when animals compete to win over a female. One example being stag beetles

Answer 14

Intrasexual Selection

Question 15

What is the process of a population of a species become so distinct from the original species and becoming a new species

Answer 15

Speciation

Question 16

What do you call to change in a population of organisms over a long period of time

Answer 16

Evolution

Question 17

Which scientist believe that a population of animals grows because of food availability

Answer 17

Thomas Robert Malthus

Question 18

Which scientist grouped animals and plants based according to their similar characteristics

Answer 18

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 19

What theory was proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck wherein an animals acquired traits during its lifetime can be passed to its offspring.

Answer 19

Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Traits

Question 20

What theory was proposed by Georges Cuvier wherein a catastrophic event altered the way life developed

Answer 20

Theory of Catastrophism

Question 21

What theory was proposed by Charles Darwin which states that members of a species will over time adapt to their environment

Answer 21

Theory of Natural Selection

Question 22

What major theory of natural selection states that members of a species will have natural variations in their genes due to sexual reproduction.

Answer 22

Variation

Question 23

What are the two types of Adaptation

Answer 23

Structural and Behavioral Adaptation

Question 24

organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

Answer 24

Natural Selection

Question 25

What do you call it when only the ones who can adapt will survive and failure to change will lead to extinction

Answer 25

Survival of the Fittest

Question 26

Helps in separating a double stranded DNA into single strands

Answer 26

Helicase or RNA polymerase

Question 26

Nucleotide bases with two pairings/rings

Answer 26

Purines

Question 27

The first step in DNA replication

Answer 27

Unwinding/Unzipping of DNA strands with the help of Helicase allowing each strand to be copied.

Question 28

The 2nd step of DNA replication

Answer 28

Complimentary Base Pairing The pairing of purines

Question 29

What is the pair of Guanine

Answer 29

Cytosine

Question 30

What is the pair of Adenine in RNA

Answer 30

Uracil

Question 31

What is the pair of Thymine

Answer 31

Adenine

Question 32

An enzyme that synthesizes small pieces of RNA called primers

Answer 32

Primase

Question 33

Creates new copies of DNA in the form of nucleic acid molecules during Complimentary Base Pairing

Answer 33

DNA Polymerase

Question 34

Repairs damaged DNA and acts as a proofreader during the DNA replication fork progression

Answer 34

Exonuclease

Question 35

An enzyme that acts like a glue which binds the newly made strands together

Answer 35

DNA Ligase

Question 36

The process by which genetic information in DNA is transferred to an RNA molecule

Answer 36

Transcription

Question 37

chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 13) which causes cleft lip, low set ears, clenched hands

Answer 37

Patau Syndrome

Question 38

chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) delayed mental development, flattened face, and almond shaped eyes that slant up

Answer 38

Down Syndrome

Question 39

Syndrome wherein a female displays male characteristics

Answer 39

Turner Syndrome

Question 40

Syndrome wherein a male displays female characteristics

Answer 40

Klinefelter Syndrome

Question 41

A disease caused by inversion which causes blood having the inability to clot causing nosebleeds, bruises, and heavy menstruation.

Answer 41

Hemophilia

Question 42

A disease caused by deletion causing the eye to look similar to that of a feline

Answer 42

Cats eye syndrome

Question 43

A disease caused by insertion which causes the brain to gradually break down and loss of coordination

Answer 43

Huntington's Disease

Question 44

A type of gland which lacks a duct

Answer 44

Endocrine Gland

Question 45

A type of gland which has a duct

Answer 45

Exocrine Gland

Question 46

A feedback mechanism wherein the response amplifies the changes.

Answer 46

Positive Feedback

Question 47

A feedback mechanism wherein the changes are reversed instead of amplified

Answer 47

Negative Feedback

Question 48

Sex hormone which develops male secondary sex characteristics

Answer 48

Testosterone

Question 49

Sex hormone which develops and maintains female secondary sex hormones and stimulates egg development

Answer 49

Estrogen and Progesterone

Question 50

How long does the menstrual cycle last

Answer 50

28 days

Question 51

Hormone that stimulates the secretion of male sex hormones

Answer 51

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 52

Hormone that stimulates production of sperm in the seminiferous tubes tubules

Answer 52

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Question 53

The first ever discharge of the blood from the vagina

Answer 53

Menarche

Question 54

The cycle in which the ovaries prepare the female body each month for possible pregnancy which has two distinct phases

Answer 54

The Ovarian Cycle

Question 55

What happens during the Follicular phase of the Ovarian Cycle

Answer 55

In the ovary an egg cell is enclosed inside a follicle. The follicle nourishes it until its mature. The ovum bursts from the follicle and is released into the fallopian tube where it waits to be fertilized.

Question 56

What do you call the process of the ovum bursting out of the follicle and being released into the fallopian tube

Answer 56

Ovulation

Question 57

What happens during the Luteal phase of the Ovarian Cycle

Answer 57

the follicle that bursts turns into a corpus luteum which secrets progesterone and estrogen causing the lining of the uterus to thicken.

Question 58

A sexual disease wherein the private parts produces pus and pain during urination

Answer 58

Gonorrhea

Question 59

A sexual disease which causes painless sores to appear

Answer 59

Syphilis

Question 60

A sexual disease with no known cure which causes the degradation of the immune system causing weight loss and diarrhea

Answer 60

AIDS

Question 61

itchy, painful, and blister like eruptions around the genital area that occurs 10 days after 🍆 🍩

Answer 61

Genital Herpes