Science 4 - Sound Waves

Question 1

Define wave

Answer 1

• an oscillation or vibration

- transfers energy or information

Question 2

Define amplitude

Answer 2

Distance from the middle to the top/bottom of a wave

Question 3

Define the frequency in a wave

Answer 3

How often the oscillations occur in a measured amount of time

Question 4

Define peak/crest

Answer 4

Top of the wave

Question 5

Define trough

Answer 5

Bottom of a wave

Question 6

Define wavelength

Answer 6

The distance between either two peaks/troughs of a wave

Question 7

Define transverse waves

Answer 7

Particles move up and down perpendicular to the direction of the energy transfer

Question 8

Define perpendicular

Answer 8

Is when two lines meet at 90 degrees

Question 9

Give an example of a transverse wave

Answer 9

• earthquakes
• slinky
• rope
• water ripple
• *light/sunlight (best)

Question 10

Define a longitudinal wave

Answer 10

It’s particles move parallel to the direction of the energy transfer

Question 11

Define parallel

Answer 11

When to lines move/are alongside each other. The lines will never meet.

Question 12

Give some examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 12

• *all sounds(best)
• earthquakes
• vibrations during thunder

Question 13

Define compressions

Answer 13

Oscillations are close together

Question 14

Define rarefaction

Answer 14

Oscillations are further away from each other

Question 15

Define medium

Answer 15

A substance that sound has to travel through in order to be heard or reach our ears. E.g solids, liquids, gases

Question 16

Define a vacuum

Answer 16

• Is an empty space
• has no medium
• sound waves can’t travel through it

Question 17

What is the fastest medium for sounds to travel through

Answer 17

Solid because:

• the particles are close together
• they will vibrate together passing the oscillations.
• Creating the sound to pass quicker and louder

Question 18

Speed of sound travelling through a solid ( metres per second)

Answer 18

Solids= 5000m/s

Question 19

Speed of sound travelling through a liquid ( metres per second)

Answer 19

Liquid = 1500m/s

Question 20

Speed of sound travelling through a gas (metres per second)

Answer 20

Gas= 340m/s

Question 21

Speed of light (metres per second)

Answer 21

Light= 3 million m/s

Question 22

What would you see/hear thunder or lightening

Answer 22

Lightening because it travels at 3 million m/s

Question 23

Define pitch

Answer 23

• The frequency is another name for this
• the more waves you see the higher the pitch/frequency
• can also be the degree of how high or low something is

Question 24

Define oscilloscope

Answer 24

A machine that is used to measure/records oscillations in so you can observe/view

Question 25

Define vibration/oscillations

Answer 25

-particles move and create a sound

Question 26

Define loud

Answer 26

- is when the amplitude of a wave is really long/high

Question 27

Define quiet

Answer 27

When the amplitude of a wave is short

Question 28

Define Hertz

Answer 28

Measurements in which you measure sound in | - also know as Hz

Question 29

Name the three mini bones that make up the ossicles

Answer 29

Hammer, Anvil and Stapes

Question 30

What does the cochlea do

Answer 30

Changes sound waves into a nerve signal to the brain

Question 31

How to recover from damaging the eardrums

Answer 31

Do not further irritate by listening to music for at least 3 months

Question 32

What is infrasound

Answer 32

Is the range that is too quiet for humans to hear | Ranges from 20Hz and below

Question 33

What is the audible range

Answer 33

It is the range that humans can hear | It starts from 20Hz to 20,000 (20KHz)

Question 34

What is the ultrasound range

Answer 34

The range that is too loud for humans too hear | Starts from 20KHz and above

Question 35

What is a reflected sound

Answer 35

- An echo | - the time taken to for the echo to be heard again and return can be used to workout how far away the object is

Question 36

How to find out the distance to object

Answer 36

Step 1: Total distance travelled by sound = speed of sound from medium (m/s) x time taken to hear the echo Step 2: Distance to object = total distance travelled by sound divided by 2

Question 37

What is a reverberation

Answer 37

The multiple blended repetitions of a sound

Question 38

Ultrasound uses

Answer 38

Doctors- study foetus, abdominal+pelvic organs, muscles+tendons, heart and blood vessels Ships- to detect fish and nearby sea beds, bounces of the objects and send the sound waves back for the ship to know

Question 39

How can ultrasounds be analysed

Answer 39

Using a small probe called transducer and gel Place directly onto skin or sin at object High frequency waves travel from probe to gel onto skin or into matter Waves will bounce off of whatever is in the way send the waves back indicating something it near