Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

1 Semester Final-8 Grade > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Small particles, building blocks of matter

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physical properties that depend on size, vary depending on how much matter is in a sample

A

Size Dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Do not depend on the amount of matter present, same for both small and large sample

A

Size Independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mass per unit volume of a substance, size independent

A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anything that has mass and takes up space

A

Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Solution

A

Homogeneous mixture, substance present in the largest amount is called the solvent, samples will have the same amount of each substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Matter that can vary in composition, combinations of two or more substances that are physically blended together, can be separated by physical methods

A

Mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Substance containing atoms of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Physical properties

A

Characteristics of matter that you can observe or measure without changing the identity of matter.
State of matter, size dependent and size independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Characteristics of matter that can be observed as it changes to a different type of matter

A

Chemical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Change in size, shape, form or state in which the matters identity stays the same

A

Physical change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemical change

A

Change in matter which substances that make up the matter and change into new substances with new physical and chemical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chemical reaction

A

Often called chemical changes
If particles collide with enough force, bonded atoms can break apart
When they rearrange and bond, new substances can be formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Amount of substance in a volume

A

Concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Substances that are evenly mixed, known as a solution

A

Homogeneous mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Heterogeneous mixture

A

Not evenly mixed. Samples not the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Factors that affect size of a reaction

A 
Temperature (higher=faster)
Concentration (higher=faster)
Surface area (more=faster)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Matter with a definite volume but not definite shape

A

Liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Solids

A

Definite matter and shape, strong attractive forces.
Crystalline- repeating order
Morphis- Random

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

No definite shape or volume, particles are far apart and move freely, weak attractive forces

A

Gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

High energy matter consigns of positive, negative charged particles
Most common state of matter in space

A

Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Uneven forces acting on the particles on surface of a liquid

A

Surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Condensation

A

Gas->Liquid

Gas loses thermal energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gas-> Liquid, skips the solid stage

Thermal energy removed

A

Deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Sublimation
Solid-> gas | Skipping liquid stage
26
Solid to liquid
Melting
27
Liquid to solid
Freezing
28
Liquid to gas
Boiling
29
Liquid surface to gas
Evaporation
30
How do energy particle change state of matter?
When energy is added, it means particles are moving faster (warmer), or there is more kinetic energy
31
How does a dense ship float on water?
It is filled with gas
32
Kinetic energy
Energy due to motion | Faster=more energy
33
Potential energy
Stored energy due to interactions between particles or objects
34
Boyles law
Pressure of gas increases if the volume decreases and pressure of a gas decreases if the volume increases. Temperature is constant Low temp=high volume
35
Charles's law
Volume of gas increases with increasing temperature. Pressure is constant Low pressure=high volume
36
Measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles in an object
Temperature
37
Pressure
When particles collide with their container, pressure results Amount of force applied per unit of area
38
Sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Mass number
39
Aristotle atomic theory
No empty space; fire, water, air and earth
40
Democritus atomic theory
Atoms are solid objects that cannot be divided created or destroyed, constantly moving in empty space, much like today's modern theory
41
Daltons atomic theory
All matter is made of atoms that can't be divided, created or destroyed, during a chemical reaction atoms of one element can't be converted to atoms of another element, atoms combine in specific ratios,
42
Thomson atomic theory
Discovered electrons, model contained both positive and negative electrons (plum pudding model)
43
Rutherford
Concluded most of an atoms mass and positive charge was in the nucleus
44
Protons
Symbol: p, positive one charge, located in the nucleus
45
Neutral particle, in the nucleus, symbol: n,
Neutrons
46
Symbol:-e, negative one charge, around the nucleus in an electron cloud
Electron
47
Nucleus
Where most of an atoms mass and positive charge is concentrated
48
Alpha decay
Made of 2 proton and 2 neutron (alpha particle) | Atomic number decreases by two
49
Neutron in an atom changes into a proton and becomes part of the nucleus, releases a high energy electron Atomic number increased by 1
Beta decay
50
Gamma decay
Contain energy (gamma ray) doesn't change atomic number of element
51
Ionic bond
Attraction between positive and negative charged ions in an ionic compound. Nonmetal ion with metal ions Solid crystals, high melting and boiling points, dissolve in water, salt (Na+ Cl-)
52
Nonmetal atoms with nonmetal atoms. Gas, liquid, or solid Low melting and boiling points, don't dissolve in water, poor conductors, don't dissolve in water (Dull) (Water)
Covalent bonds
53
Molecules
Group of atoms held together by covalent bonding | Acts as an independent unit
54
Metal ions with metal ions | Solid, high melting and boiling points, do not dissolve, conductors, shiny, sea of electrons
Metallic bond
55
Polar molecule
Has a partial negative and partial positive charge due to unequal sharing of electrons
56
No longer electrically neutral because of lost or gained electrons
Ions
57
How many valence in the first two clouds?
2(first level)+8(second level)=10
58
How many valence are needed for a stable atom
8
59
Bohr
Proposed electrons move in circular orbits (energy level) around the nucleus Closer=less energy
60
Henry bacqurerel
Discovered radiation | Studied mineral that when left in sunlight gave of energy
61
What can differ between atoms of different elements
Number of protons, neutrons, and electrons
62
Why are scientist having trouble describing an atom?
Too small
63
Water
Covalent
64
Salt
Ionic
65
Dot diagram
Shows atoms and valence
66
Shows atoms and lines, lines represent one shared pair of electron
Structural formula
67
Balls represent atoms, sticks represent bonds, used this who bind and angles
Ball and stick model
68
Spheres represent atoms, 3-D arrangement of atoms
Space filling model
69
Periodic
Repeating pattern
70
Period
Rows
71
Group
Column
72
Atomic number
Number of protons in the nucleus, increases from left to right
73
Group one
Alkali metals, react aggressively, lowest density
74
Alkaline earth metals
Group two, react with other elements, low density
75
Groups 3-12, metals, good building materials
Transition elements
76
Halogens
Group 17, racy with metal and form salt
77
Noble gases
Group 18, stable
78
Semi conductors
Metalloids, only elements that are semi conductors

1 Semester Final-8 Grade (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions