Science

Question 1

State what DNA is

Answer 1

DNA, is short for deoxyribonucleic acid, it is the molecules that contain the genetic code of organisms.

Question 2

State what a chromosome is

Answer 2

The chromosome of a cell are in the nucleus. They carry the genetic information. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein combined as chromatin.

Question 3

State what a gene is

Answer 3

A unit of DNA that is usually located on a chromosome and that controls the development of one or more traits and is the basic unit by which genetic information is passed from parent to offspring.

Question 4

Inheritance

Answer 4

The chromosomes are matched in pairs that contain on chromosomes inherited from each parent.

Different versions of a gene, that code for different versions of a characteristic, are called alleles.

If the alleles in the a matching pair are the same, they are called Homozygous alleles.

If the alleles in the a matching pair are different, they are called Heterozygous alleles.

Question 5

Dominant alleles

Answer 5

A dominant allele is always a capital letter.

Question 6

Recessive alleles

Answer 6

A recessive allele is always the corresponding small letter.

Question 7

What is Cystic fibrosis

Answer 7

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine. Long-term issues include difficulty breathing and coughing up mucus as a result of frequent lung infections.

Question 8

What is Polydactyl

Answer 8

Polydactyl is a condition where someone is born with one or more extra fingers or toes. It can occur on one or both hands or feet.

Question 9

Cloning

Answer 9

Cloning/clones is an organism that is genetically identical.

Question 10

Selective breading

Answer 10

Decide which charicteristics of the species is mist important.

Select the parents that show high levels of this characteristics.

Breed these individuals.

Select the best offspring and breed again.

Repeat this through many generations.